How to Cite Any Source

Step-by-step guides for citing 57 source types in 30 major citation styles. Choose your source type and style below.

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Every source type in every style it has a page for. The table scrolls sideways; the source column stays put.

Source Type	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Website	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Book	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Journal Article	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
YouTube Video	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Podcast	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Newspaper Article	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Magazine Article	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Blog Post	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Wikipedia	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
PDF	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Interview	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Social Media Post	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Government Document	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Dissertation or Thesis	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Conference Paper	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Lecture or PowerPoint	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Webinar	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Online Course	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
PowerPoint Presentation	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Image or Photograph	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Movie or Film	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Documentary	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
TV Show	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Song or Music	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Poem	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Court Case	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Patent	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Encyclopedia Entry	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Dictionary Entry	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Dataset	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Software or App	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Video Game	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Press Release	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Report	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Preprint	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Book Chapter	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
ChatGPT	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Bible	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
TED Talk	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Email	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Reddit or Forum Post	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
X (Twitter) Post	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Map	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard	Vancouver	IEEE	AMA	Turabian	CSE	BibTeX	Nature	ACS	OSCOLA	Bluebook	AGLC	ASA	APSA	AAA	NLM	ACM	APS	AIP	Cell	Science	PLOS	BMJ	Lancet	JAMA	Elsevier Harvard	Springer
Claude	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Gemini	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Microsoft Copilot	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Perplexity	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
AI-Generated Image	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
TikTok Video	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Instagram Post	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Law or Statute	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
ISO Standard	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Quran	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
E-book Without Page Numbers	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Speech	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Letter	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE
Secondary Source	APA	MLA	Chicago	Harvard		IEEE

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