Free Writing & Citation Tools

250 free tools for students, researchers, and academic writers. No sign-up required.

Writing Tools

Word Counter

Count words, characters, sentences, and paragraphs in your text. Get reading time estimates and readability scores instantly.

Readability Score Checker

Check the readability of your writing with Flesch-Kincaid, Gunning Fog, Coleman-Liau, and SMOG readability scores.

Grammar Checker

Catch repeated words, a/an errors, punctuation slips, its/it's and then/than mix-ups, and 40+ common misspellings. Rule-based, free, and your text never leaves your browser.

Lorem Ipsum Generator

Generate placeholder text for your documents, essays, and web designs. Choose paragraphs, sentences, or words.

Paraphrase Quality Checker

Compare your paraphrase to the original text. Check if your rewrite is different enough to avoid plagiarism.

Essay Outline Generator

Generate structured essay outlines. Choose from argumentative, expository, compare/contrast, and research paper templates.

Abstract Writing Helper

Structure your research abstract with guided prompts. Follow the IMRaD format with word count tracking for journal submissions.

Character Counter

Count characters with and without spaces, unique characters, and character frequency. Track character limits for social media, essays, and abstracts.

Sentence Counter

Count sentences in your text. Get average sentence length, longest and shortest sentences, and sentence variety analysis for better writing.

Reading Time Calculator

Estimate how long it takes to read or speak your text aloud. Perfect for blog posts, presentations, speeches, and podcast scripts.

Word Frequency Counter

Analyze word frequency in your text. Find the most common words, identify overused phrases, and improve vocabulary variety in your writing.

Text Diff Checker

Compare two texts side by side and highlight the differences. Find changes between drafts, revisions, and versions of your writing.

Passive Voice Detector

Detect passive voice constructions in your writing. Highlight passive sentences and get suggestions to rewrite them in active voice for stronger academic prose.

Transition Word Finder

Find and analyze transition words in your text. See which transitions you use, identify gaps, and get suggestions for smoother flow between paragraphs and ideas.

Thesis Statement Generator

Generate strong thesis statements for argumentative, analytical, and expository essays. Enter your topic and position to get a focused, debatable thesis.

Research Question Generator

Generate focused research questions from your topic. Get questions suitable for qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-methods research across any academic discipline.

Acronym Generator

Generate acronyms and abbreviations from any phrase or set of words. Perfect for project names, organization names, and academic terminology.

Oxford Comma Checker

Check your text for consistent Oxford comma usage. Detect serial commas, find inconsistencies, and ensure your writing follows APA, Chicago, or AP style rules.

Keyword Density Analyzer

Analyze keyword density and word distribution in your text. Find overused words, check keyword frequency percentages, and optimize content for SEO and readability.

Paragraph Counter

Count paragraphs in your text and see words and sentences per paragraph. Find overly long or short paragraphs to improve structure and flow.

Syllable Counter

Count syllables in words, lines, and full text. Check haiku structure, meter in poetry, and syllable-based readability instantly.

Words Per Page Calculator

Convert a word count to pages, or pages to words — for any font, size, and spacing. Know exactly how long your 1,000-word essay will be.

GPA Calculator

Calculate your GPA on the 4.0 scale from letter grades and credit hours. Add courses, see your semester and cumulative GPA instantly.

Weighted Grade Calculator

Calculate your current course grade from weighted categories — homework, quizzes, exams, and projects. See exactly where you stand.

Final Grade Calculator

Find out what score you need on your final exam to reach your target course grade. Enter your current grade, target, and the final's weight.

Writing Prompt Generator

Generate creative writing, narrative, persuasive, and journal prompts. Filter by genre and get a fresh idea whenever you're stuck.

Essay Hook Generator

Build a strong opening hook for your essay — question, statistic, quotation, anecdote, or bold statement — with guided templates for your topic.

Descriptive Statistics Calculator

Calculate mean, median, mode, range, variance, and standard deviation from your data. Paste numbers and get every descriptive statistic for your methods section.

Random Word Generator

Generate random words — nouns, verbs, or adjectives — for brainstorming, vocabulary practice, writing games, and creative exercises.

Cliché Finder

Find clichés and overused phrases in your writing. Highlight tired expressions like 'at the end of the day' and get fresher alternatives.

Filler Word Finder

Find filler words like 'very', 'really', 'just', and 'basically' that weaken your writing. Highlight them and tighten your prose.

Adverb Finder

Find -ly adverbs in your writing and see where stronger verbs could replace them. Highlight every adverb with density statistics.

Wordiness Checker

Find wordy phrases like 'due to the fact that' and get concise replacements ('because'). Cut your word count without losing meaning.

Capitalization Checker

Check your text for capitalization errors — sentence starts, the pronoun I, days, months, and common proper nouns — and fix them in one click.

Letter Frequency Counter

Count how often each letter appears in your text. See letter frequency as counts and percentages — useful for cryptography, linguistics, and word games.

Vowel & Consonant Counter

Count vowels and consonants in your text. See totals, percentages, and a per-vowel breakdown instantly.

Line Counter

Count lines in your text — total lines, non-empty lines, and blank lines. Perfect for code, lists, poetry, and data files.

Random Number Generator

Generate random numbers in any range — one at a time or in batches, with or without duplicates. Perfect for sampling, games, and picking winners.

Random Letter Generator

Generate random letters A-Z — uppercase, lowercase, or both, with or without repeats. Great for word games, drills, and creative constraints.

Random Sentence Generator

Generate grammatical random sentences from curated word banks — for typing practice, grammar exercises, placeholder text, and creative sparks.

Random Paragraph Generator

Generate readable random paragraphs built from template sentences — better-looking placeholder and practice text than lorem ipsum.

Character Name Generator

Generate character names for stories and creative writing — first and last names across styles like classic, modern, and fantasy.

Essay Title Generator

Generate essay title ideas from your topic — using proven academic patterns for argumentative, analytical, and expository papers. Honest templates, no AI.

Debate Topic Generator

Get debate and persuasive essay topics from a curated bank — filtered by category and difficulty, with both sides worth arguing.

Mnemonic Generator

Turn any word or list of initials into a memorable mnemonic sentence — built from word banks so each word starts with your letters.

Topic Sentence Generator

Build strong topic sentences from your paragraph's main idea and supporting point — with academic sentence frames you adapt to your essay. Honest templates, no AI.

Conclusion Paragraph Generator

Build a conclusion paragraph from your thesis and main points — restate, synthesize, and close with guided academic frames. Honest templates, no AI.

Introduction Paragraph Generator

Build an introduction paragraph from your hook, context, and thesis — assembled with guided academic frames you refine. Honest templates, no AI.

PEEL Paragraph Planner

Plan body paragraphs with the PEEL structure — Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link. Fill each part and assemble a complete, well-structured paragraph.

Hypothesis Generator

Build testable research hypotheses from your variables — if/then, directional, and null formats — with guided frames for science fairs and research methods.

Survey Question Generator

Build survey questions from templates — Likert scales, multiple choice, demographics, and open-ended formats — with wording tips that avoid bias.

Headline Analyzer

Score your headline on length, word balance, emotional and power words, and clarity — with concrete suggestions to improve click-through.

Hashtag Generator

Turn your caption or keywords into clean hashtags — camelCase or lowercase, deduplicated, and ready to copy for Instagram, X, TikTok, and LinkedIn.

Random Name Picker

Pick a random name from your list — for cold calls, raffles, and classroom turns. Paste names, pick one or several, and optionally remove winners.

Random Group Generator

Split a list of names into random groups or teams — by number of groups or group size. Perfect for classrooms, projects, and games.

Word Scrambler

Scramble the letters of words to create puzzles and vocabulary games — one word or a whole list at once, with optional first-letter locking.

Pomodoro Timer

Study with the Pomodoro technique — focused work sessions with short and long breaks, session counting, and sound alerts. Runs entirely in your browser.

Typing Speed Test

Test your typing speed in words per minute (WPM) with accuracy scoring — 1, 3, or 5 minute tests on real English sentences. Runs entirely in your browser.

Percentage Calculator

Calculate percentages three ways: X% of Y, what percent X is of Y, and percent change between two numbers — with the working shown.

Test Average Calculator

Average your test and quiz scores — see your mean score, letter grade, and what you need on the next test to raise your average.

Weighted Average Calculator

Calculate a weighted average from values and weights — with the working shown step by step. For grades, statistics, and finance.

High School GPA Calculator

Calculate your high school GPA — weighted (AP, IB, Honors on a 5.0 scale) and unweighted (4.0) side by side, from letter grades and credits.

Cumulative GPA Calculator

Combine multiple semesters into your cumulative GPA — enter each term's GPA and credits, see the running total, and project what next term does to it.

GPA to Percentage Converter

Convert GPA to percentage and percentage to GPA — on the 4.0 and 10-point scales, with common conversion tables and the formulas explained.

Attendance Percentage Calculator

Calculate your attendance percentage — and find how many classes you can miss (or must attend) to stay above a required threshold like 75%.

Z-Score Calculator

Calculate z-scores from a value, mean, and standard deviation — or from a dataset — with the formula worked through and percentile lookup.

Sample Size Calculator

Calculate the sample size you need for a survey — from population, confidence level, and margin of error, with the formula explained.

Margin of Error Calculator

Calculate the margin of error for a survey or poll — from sample size, confidence level, and proportion, with the formula worked through.

Correlation Calculator

Calculate the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) between two variables — paste paired data and get r, r², and an interpretation of the strength.

Age Calculator

Calculate exact age from a date of birth — in years, months, and days, plus total days lived and days until the next birthday.

Date Calculator

Calculate days between two dates, or add and subtract days from a date — with weekdays-only counting for assignment and project deadlines.

Scrabble Score Calculator

Calculate the Scrabble score of any word — with per-letter values shown and optional double/triple letter and word multipliers.

Lexical Diversity Calculator

Measure the vocabulary variety of your writing with type-token ratio (TTR) and root TTR — see unique word counts and how repetitive your text is.

Phrase Frequency Counter

Find your most repeated two- and three-word phrases. Spot overused expressions and repetitive patterns that single-word counters miss.

Commonly Confused Words Checker

Highlight commonly confused words in your text — their/there/they're, affect/effect, its/it's, then/than — with the rule for each so you can verify your usage.

Contraction Expander

Expand contractions for formal academic writing — don't becomes do not, it's becomes it is — with ambiguous cases flagged for review.

First-Person Checker

Find first- and second-person pronouns (I, we, my, you) in your academic writing — highlight them and see where more objective phrasing may be expected.

Class Rank Calculator

Convert your class rank to a percentile — see whether you're in the top 5%, 10%, or 25% of your class, and what rank a target percentile requires.

Grade Curve Calculator

Curve a set of grades — flat point boost, square-root curve, or scaling the top score to 100 — and see every student's before and after.

Ratio Calculator

Simplify ratios, find equivalent ratios, and solve proportions (A:B = C:x) — with the working shown step by step.

Fraction Calculator

Add, subtract, multiply, and divide fractions with the steps shown — plus simplify fractions and convert between fractions and decimals.

Permutation & Combination Calculator

Calculate permutations (nPr) and combinations (nCr) — with the factorial formulas worked through and an explanation of when order matters.

Probability Calculator

Calculate the probability of single and multiple independent events — AND, OR, and complement (NOT) — with the formulas worked through.

Dice Roller

Roll virtual dice — any number of dice with 4 to 100 sides. See each die, totals, and roll history for games and probability lessons.

Coin Flip

Flip a virtual coin — one flip or a hundred at once, with heads/tails tallies and streak history. Fair 50/50 randomness.

Wheel Spinner

Spin a customizable wheel to pick a random option — add your own entries, spin with animation, and optionally remove winners between spins.

Tally Counter

Count anything with an online tally counter — click or press space to count up, with multiple named counters and totals.

Stopwatch

Online stopwatch with lap times — start, stop, and record splits with millisecond precision. Runs entirely in your browser.

Countdown Timer

Set a countdown timer for tests, presentations, and study sessions — hours, minutes, seconds, with a sound alert and full-screen-friendly display.

Online Notepad

A distraction-free online notepad that autosaves to your browser — with live word and character counts and a download-as-text button. Nothing is uploaded.

Rubric Generator

Build a grading rubric — criteria rows, performance levels, and descriptors — from templates for essays, projects, and presentations, then copy it as a table.

Reading Speed Test

Measure your reading speed in words per minute — read a timed passage, stop when done, and see your WPM against average benchmarks.

Username Generator

Generate available-sounding usernames from word banks — adjective + noun combos with optional numbers and your own keyword mixed in.

Password Generator

Generate strong random passwords locally in your browser — choose length and character sets, with a strength estimate. Nothing is sent anywhere.

Sleep Calculator

Find the best times to fall asleep or wake up based on 90-minute sleep cycles — enter your wake-up time and get suggested bedtimes.

Word Search Generator

Create printable word search puzzles from your own word list — choose the grid size and directions, preview the puzzle, and print with or without the answer key.

Bingo Card Generator

Create custom bingo cards from your own word or term list — 3×3, 4×4, or 5×5 grids with a free space, shuffled per card, ready to print.

Cloze Test Generator

Turn any passage into a fill-in-the-blank cloze worksheet — blank every Nth word or your chosen words, with a word bank and answer key.

Citation Tools

Bibliography Alphabetizer

Alphabetize your bibliography, works cited, or reference list instantly. Supports APA, MLA, and Chicago sorting rules.

DOI Validator & Resolver

Validate and resolve DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers). Check if a DOI is valid and get the full metadata for any academic article.

DOI Citation Generator

Paste a DOI and get a full, formatted citation — author, title, year, and journal filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

ISBN Citation Generator

Enter a book's ISBN and get a full, formatted citation — author, title, publisher, and year filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

PMID Citation Generator

Paste a PubMed ID (PMID or PMCID) and get a full, formatted citation — author, title, year, and journal filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, Vancouver, and 10,834 styles.

arXiv Citation Generator

Paste an arXiv ID and get a full, formatted preprint citation — authors, title, and year filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and 10,834 styles.

Website Citation Generator

Paste a URL and get a full, formatted website citation — author, title, site name, and date filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

Book Citation Generator

Search a book by title or ISBN and get a full, formatted citation — author, title, publisher, and year filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

Book Chapter Citation Generator

Cite a chapter in an edited book or anthology in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the chapter author, chapter title, book editor(s), book title, page range, and publisher and get a full, formatted reference.

Journal Article Citation Generator

Paste a DOI or article title and get a full, formatted journal citation — author, title, journal, volume, year, and pages filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and 10,834 styles.

YouTube Citation Generator

Paste a YouTube or video URL and get a full, formatted citation — uploader, title, site, and date filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

Newspaper Citation Generator

Paste an online news article URL and get a full, formatted citation — author, headline, newspaper, and date filled in automatically — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles.

Magazine Citation Generator

Cite a print or online magazine article in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, article title, magazine name, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Podcast Citation Generator

Cite a podcast episode or series in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the host, episode title, show name, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Conference Paper Citation Generator

Cite a conference paper, presentation, or proceedings in APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and 10,834 styles — enter the paper title, authors, conference name, location, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Encyclopedia Citation Generator

Cite an encyclopedia or reference-work entry — Wikipedia, Britannica, or a subject encyclopedia — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the entry title, encyclopedia name, author, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Social Media Citation Generator

Cite a tweet, X post, Instagram, Facebook, or TikTok in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the post content, author/handle, platform, date, and URL and get a full, formatted reference.

Dictionary Citation Generator

Cite a dictionary entry — Merriam-Webster, the OED, or any online or print dictionary — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the word, dictionary name, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference with the APA n.d. + retrieval-date rule applied.

Report Citation Generator

Cite a government report, technical report, NGO or think-tank report, annual report, or white paper in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the organization, title, report number, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Song Citation Generator

Cite a song, single, or album — from Spotify, Apple Music, or a CD — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the artist, song title, album, label, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

TV Show & Episode Citation Generator

Cite a TV show or a single television episode — enter the episode title, series, season and episode numbers, network, and writer or director — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Free, no sign-up.

Movie & Film Citation Generator

Enter a film's title, director, studio, and year and get a full, formatted citation — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Free, no sign-up.

Thesis & Dissertation Citation Generator

Cite a thesis or dissertation in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, title, degree type, university, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Interview Citation Generator

Cite a personal, published, or broadcast interview in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the interviewee, interviewer, date, and publication and get a full, formatted reference.

Image Citation Generator

Enter a photo, figure, or artwork's creator, title, format, year, and source and get a full, formatted citation — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Free, no sign-up.

Et Al. Rules Calculator

Determine when to use et al. in your citations. Get the correct rules for APA 7th, MLA 9th, Chicago, Harvard, and Vancouver.

Citation Checker (APA 7)

Paste your APA 7 reference list to catch likely formatting issues — author order, year, DOI format, sentence case, alphabetical order, and duplicates. Free and unlimited.

Citation Checker (MLA 9)

Paste your MLA 9 Works Cited list to catch likely formatting issues — author inversion, the 'and' connector, Title Case, DOI format, alphabetical order, and duplicates. Free and unlimited.

PDF Citation Generator

Upload a journal article's PDF and we find its DOI right in the file, then cite it in any of 10,834 styles. The PDF never leaves your browser.

Reference Extractor

Upload a Word (.docx) or text file — or paste your paper — to extract the reference list, find every in-text citation, collect DOIs, and spot citations missing from the list. Runs entirely in your browser.

In-Text Citation Generator

Generate in-text citations for APA, MLA, and Chicago. Enter author names and year to get properly formatted parenthetical and narrative citations.

Chicago Footnote Generator

Generate full Chicago-style footnotes (notes and bibliography). Paste a URL, DOI, or ISBN and get the footnote plus the matching bibliography entry.

Annotated Bibliography Maker

Create annotated bibliography entries. Add summaries and evaluations to your citations with proper formatting.

Citation Counter

Count the number of citations and references in your academic paper. Detect parenthetical, narrative, and numbered citation formats across APA, MLA, Chicago, and more.

ChatGPT & AI Citation Generator

Cite ChatGPT and other generative AI tools in APA, MLA, and Chicago. See official reference, Works Cited, and footnote formats with examples.

Lecture Citation Generator

Cite a lecture, PowerPoint, or class handout in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the lecturer, title, course, institution, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Patent Citation Generator

Cite a patent in APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and 10,834 styles — enter the inventor, patent number, issuing office, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Dataset Citation Generator

Cite a dataset or data repository — from Kaggle, Zenodo, ICPSR, or a government portal — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the creator, title, repository, version, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Software & Code Citation Generator

Cite software, an app, or a GitHub repository in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the developer, program name, version, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Bible & Religious Text Citation Generator

Cite the Bible, Quran, Torah, or another religious work in APA, MLA, and Chicago — enter the version, book, chapter, and verse and get the correct reference and in-text citation.

Brochure & Pamphlet Citation Generator

Cite a brochure, pamphlet, flyer, or fact sheet in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the organization, title, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Press Release Citation Generator

Cite a press release or news announcement in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the organization, title, date, and URL and get a full, formatted reference.

Citation Checker (Chicago)

Paste your Chicago-style bibliography to catch likely formatting issues — author inversion, punctuation, Title Case, DOI/URL format, alphabetical order, and duplicates. Free and unlimited.

Wikipedia Citation Generator

Cite a Wikipedia article in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the article title, retrieval date, and URL and get a full, formatted reference, plus guidance on when Wikipedia is an acceptable source.

Blog Post Citation Generator

Cite a blog post in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, post title, blog name, date, and URL and get a full, formatted reference.

Speech Citation Generator

Cite a speech, address, or keynote in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the speaker, title, event, location, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Email & Personal Communication Citation Generator

Cite an email, letter, text message, or private conversation in APA, MLA, and Chicago — with the APA personal-communication rule (in-text only, no reference entry) applied correctly.

Court Case Citation Generator

Cite a court case or legal decision in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the case name, reporter, court, and year and get a full, formatted reference with Bluebook-style guidance.

Law & Statute Citation Generator

Cite a law, statute, or act in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the statute name, code, section, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Map Citation Generator

Cite a map — Google Maps, an atlas, or a historical map — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the cartographer, title, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Poem Citation Generator

Cite a poem from an anthology, collection, or website in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the poet, poem title, collection, editor, and pages and get a full, formatted reference.

Play Citation Generator

Cite a published play or drama — Shakespeare, modern scripts, or translated works — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles, with act.scene.line in-text guidance for MLA.

Video Game Citation Generator

Cite a video game in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the developer, game title, version or platform, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Mobile App Citation Generator

Cite a mobile app or web application in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the developer, app name, version, platform, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Technical Standard Citation Generator

Cite a technical standard — ISO, IEEE, ANSI, ASTM, or DIN — in APA, MLA, Chicago, IEEE, and 10,834 styles. Enter the issuing body, standard number, title, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Artwork & Painting Citation Generator

Cite a painting, sculpture, or artwork — seen in a museum or online — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the artist, title, year, medium, and museum and get a full, formatted reference.

Review Citation Generator

Cite a book review, film review, or product review in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the reviewer, review title, the work reviewed, and the publication and get a full, formatted reference.

BibTeX Key Generator

Generate clean, consistent BibTeX citation keys from author, year, and title — in common formats like authorYEARfirstword. Paste a reference or enter fields and copy the key.

DOI to BibTeX Converter

Paste a DOI and get a complete BibTeX entry — author, title, journal, volume, year, and pages filled in automatically from Crossref. Copy it straight into your .bib file.

Citation Checker (Harvard)

Paste your Harvard reference list to catch likely formatting issues — author initials, year placement, italics markers, alphabetical order, and duplicates. Free and unlimited.

Sheet Music Citation Generator

Cite a musical score or sheet music in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the composer, title, edition, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

Manuscript & Archival Material Citation Generator

Cite an unpublished manuscript, letter collection, or archival material in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, title, collection, repository, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Radio Broadcast Citation Generator

Cite a radio broadcast, segment, or program in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the host, segment title, program, station, and date and get a full, formatted reference.

Anthology Citation Generator

Cite an edited anthology or collection — the whole book or a single work inside it — in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles. Enter the editor(s), title, publisher, and year and get a full, formatted reference.

E-book Citation Generator

Cite a Kindle, EPUB, or other e-book in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, title, publisher, year, and platform or URL and get a full, formatted reference.

Translated Book Citation Generator

Cite a translated book in APA, MLA, Chicago, and 10,834 styles — enter the author, translator, title, publisher, and both publication years and get a full, formatted reference with the translator credited correctly.

Author Name Formatter

Convert author names to correct citation formats — APA (Last, F. M.), MLA (Last, First), and Chicago — one name or a whole list at once, with multi-author joining rules applied.

Duplicate Citation Finder

Find duplicate and near-duplicate entries in your reference list — catches the same source cited twice with small formatting differences before your grader does.

Formatting Tools

Title Case Converter

Convert text to Title Case, UPPERCASE, lowercase, or Sentence case. Follows APA, MLA, Chicago, and AP title capitalization rules.

Hanging Indent Formatter

Format your bibliography with proper hanging indents. Copy formatted text for APA, MLA, and Chicago reference lists.

Block Quote Formatter

Format long quotes as block quotations with proper indentation for APA, MLA, and Chicago styles. Know when to use block quotes.

Remove Line Breaks

Remove unwanted line breaks and extra whitespace from text copied from PDFs, emails, or web pages. Clean up formatting instantly.

Remove Duplicate Lines

Remove duplicate lines from your text while preserving the original order. See which lines were duplicates and how many were removed.

Sort Lines Alphabetically

Sort lines alphabetically (A–Z or Z–A), by length, or reverse line order. Perfect for sorting lists, references, and data.

Number to Words Converter

Convert numbers to their written word form. Follow APA, Chicago, and AP style rules for when to spell out numbers vs. use numerals in academic writing.

Backwards Text Generator

Reverse text character by character, word by word, or line by line. Generate backwards text, mirror text, and upside-down text for creative projects.

Sentence Case Converter

Convert text to sentence case — capitalize only the first letter of each sentence. Perfect for fixing ALL CAPS text or reformatting titles and headings.

Title Page Generator

Create a correctly formatted APA 7 (student or professional) title page or MLA 9 first-page heading. Live preview plus copy-as-Word-ready HTML.

Find and Replace Text

Find and replace text online — with case-sensitive and whole-word options. See how many replacements were made and copy the result.

Extra Space Remover

Remove extra spaces, tabs, and blank lines from your text. Collapse double spaces, trim line edges, and clean up messy formatting instantly.

Text Repeater

Repeat any text or phrase multiple times — with optional separators, line breaks, and numbering. Copy the repeated result instantly.

Smart Quotes Converter

Convert straight quotes to curly (smart) quotes, or smart quotes back to straight — plus fix apostrophes, em dashes, and ellipses for polished documents.

Add Prefix & Suffix to Lines

Add text to the beginning or end of every line — build lists, wrap items in quotes or commas, and batch-format data instantly.

Emoji Remover

Remove all emoji and pictographic symbols from text. Clean up social media content, chat exports, and documents for formal writing.

Case Converter

Convert text between UPPERCASE, lowercase, Title Case, Sentence case, aLtErNaTiNg case, InVeRsE case, camelCase, and snake_case — all in one tool.

Small Text Generator

Convert text into ᵗⁱⁿʸ superscript, small caps, and subscript Unicode letters you can copy anywhere — bios, comments, and posts.

Bold Text Generator

Convert text into 𝗯𝗼𝗹𝗱, 𝘪𝘵𝘢𝘭𝘪𝘤, and 𝙗𝙤𝙡𝙙 𝙞𝙩𝙖𝙡𝙞𝙘 Unicode styles that work in social bios, comments, and messages — copy and paste anywhere.

Cursive Text Generator

Convert text into 𝓬𝓾𝓻𝓼𝓲𝓿𝓮 script and calligraphy-style Unicode letters you can copy anywhere — bios, invitations, and posts.

Bubble Text Generator

Convert text into ⓑⓤⓑⓑⓛⓔ circled letters and filled-circle Unicode styles you can copy anywhere.

Upside Down Text Generator

Flip your text upside down (ʇxǝʇ uʍop ǝpᴉsdn) with Unicode characters — reversed and flipped, ready to copy anywhere.

Strikethrough Text Generator

Add s̶t̶r̶i̶k̶e̶t̶h̶r̶o̶u̶g̶h̶ to any text with Unicode combining characters — works in bios, chats, and posts where formatting isn't allowed.

Underline Text Generator

Add u̲n̲d̲e̲r̲l̲i̲n̲e̲s̲ to any text with Unicode combining characters — works in bios, chats, and posts where formatting isn't allowed.

Wide Text Generator

Convert text into ｗｉｄｅ full-width (vaporwave aesthetic) characters you can copy anywhere.

Glitch Text Generator

Create g̷l̷i̷t̷c̷h̷y̷ corrupted-looking (Zalgo) text with stacked Unicode marks — control the intensity and copy it anywhere.

Old English Text Generator

Convert text into 𝔒𝔩𝔡 𝔈𝔫𝔤𝔩𝔦𝔰𝔥 blackletter and Fraktur Unicode styles you can copy anywhere.

Superscript & Subscript Generator

Convert text and numbers to Unicode superscript (x²) and subscript (H₂O) — for math, chemistry, footnotes, and anywhere formatting isn't available.

Invisible Character

Copy an invisible character (blank Unicode space) for empty messages, hidden names, and spacing tricks — with a tester to verify you copied it.

Sentence Splitter

Split text into one sentence per line — handling abbreviations, decimals, and quotes sensibly. Great for editing, translation, and analysis.

Text Splitter

Split long text into chunks by character or word count — with optional part numbering. Perfect for SMS, tweets, and AI prompt limits.

Comma Separator

Convert a column list to comma-separated values and back — with options for quotes, custom delimiters, and deduplication.

Punctuation Remover

Remove all punctuation from text — or keep the marks you choose. Clean text for word analysis, data processing, and language exercises.

Email Extractor

Extract all email addresses from any text — deduplicated, sorted, and ready to copy as a list or comma-separated values.

URL Extractor

Extract all links and URLs from any text — deduplicated, with optional domain-only mode. Copy as a list or comma-separated values.

Number Extractor

Extract all numbers from any text — integers, decimals, and negatives — with sum, average, and count of what was found.

Shuffle Lines

Randomize the order of lines in your list — shuffle names, questions, or items fairly with one click.

Number Sorter

Sort numbers in ascending or descending order — paste any list, get it sorted numerically (not alphabetically), with duplicates optionally removed.

Bullet Point Generator

Convert lines of text into bullet points — choose •, ◦, ▪, dashes, arrows, checkmarks, or numbers, and copy the formatted list anywhere.

Markdown Table Generator

Build Markdown tables visually or from pasted CSV/TSV data — with column alignment options and properly padded output.

Add Line Breaks

Add line breaks to text — after every sentence, after N characters or words, or after a chosen character. Un-wall your text instantly.

Special Characters — Copy & Paste

Click to copy special characters — em dashes, arrows, math symbols, currency signs, stars, checkmarks, and accented letters — organized by category.

Add Line Numbers

Add line numbers to any text — choose the starting number, separator, and padding, and optionally skip blank lines.

List Comparison Tool

Compare two lists and see what they share and where they differ — items in both, only in list A, and only in list B, with counts and copy buttons.

Duplicate Word Remover

Remove duplicate words from text — repeated words in a row (the the) or every repeat across a list — with a count of what was removed.

Remove Words From Text

Remove specific words or phrases from your text — enter your own list or strip common stop words, with whole-word matching and a removal count.

Multi Word Replacer

Replace many words at once — set up multiple find→replace pairs and apply them all in one pass, with per-pair replacement counts.

Unique Word Extractor

Extract every unique word from a text as an alphabetized vocabulary list — with counts, minimum-length filtering, and copy as list or CSV.

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