Economics, Business and Finance Calculators
Calculators and templates for economics, business and finance courses — the formulas from micro and macro, the time value of money, accounting ratios, and the strategy frameworks business classes ask you to fill in. The working is shown, so you can follow the method an exam expects. Free, no sign-up.
Economics, Business & Finance
36 tools · free, no sign-up
SWOT Analysis Generator
List strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to get a printable 2×2 SWOT grid and TOWS questions that pair your top items into SO, WO, ST, and WT strategies.
Price Elasticity of Demand Calculator
Price elasticity of demand by the midpoint method, with point elasticity, the total revenue test, and income and cross-price elasticity — every step shown.
Supply and Demand Calculator
Find the equilibrium of linear supply and demand curves, then see consumer and producer surplus, tax or subsidy incidence and deadweight loss on a graph.
Cost Curves Calculator
Turn output and total cost into FC, VC, AFC, AVC, ATC and MC, with a cost-curve graph and the break-even and shutdown prices for a competitive firm.
Comparative Advantage Calculator
Find opportunity costs from output or time tables, see who has the comparative advantage, the terms-of-trade range, and each producer's PPF with trade.
Nash Equilibrium Calculator
Find pure-strategy Nash equilibria from a payoff matrix by best response, check dominant strategies, and get the mixed equilibrium of a 2×2 game.
Herfindahl–Hirschman Index Calculator
Calculate HHI and CR4 from market shares or sales, then test a merger against the 2023 US Merger Guidelines thresholds with the change in HHI.
Gini Coefficient Calculator
Calculate the Gini coefficient from incomes or grouped shares such as quintiles, with the working, a small-sample variant and a Lorenz curve plot.
Multiplier Calculator
Find the spending, tax and balanced-budget multipliers from the MPC or MPS, the change in income from a policy, and the money multiplier from a reserve ratio.
Real GDP Calculator
Convert nominal GDP to real GDP with the GDP deflator, or find the deflator from both, with real growth, inflation and real GDP per person period by period.
Price Index Calculator
Build a CPI-style price index from a basket of goods: Laspeyres, Paasche and Fisher indexes, each good's contribution, and inflation between two index values.
Inflation Calculator
Find what US dollars from any year since 1913 are worth in another year, with cumulative and average annual inflation from official BLS CPI-U annual averages.
Unemployment Rate Calculator
Find the unemployment rate (U-3), labor force participation rate and employment-population ratio from counts, using BLS definitions, and compare two periods.
CAGR Calculator
Find the compound annual growth rate between two values and a number of years, project a value forward at a rate, or solve for the time to reach a target.
Compound Interest Calculator
Future value of a balance with any compounding frequency and regular deposits — interest earned, effective annual rate, a year-by-year table and a growth chart.
Simple Interest Calculator
Solve I = Prt for interest, principal, rate or time in years, months or days, with the working shown and a simple vs compound comparison.
Present Value Calculator
Present value of a lump sum, an ordinary annuity or annuity due, and a perpetuity (optionally growing), with the formula worked out and a discount factor table.
NPV and IRR Calculator
Net present value, every internal rate of return, profitability index and simple and discounted payback from a list of cash flows, with an NPV profile chart.
APR to APY Converter
Convert a nominal annual rate (APR) to an effective annual rate (APY) and back for any compounding frequency, including continuous, with the working and a frequency table.
Loan Payment Calculator
Payment, total interest and a full amortization schedule for a fixed-rate loan, with extra payments, any payment frequency and a currency selector.
Student Loan Repayment Calculator
Several loans on level, longer-term and graduated schedules by formula, plus avalanche vs snowball payoff with extra payments. No plan-eligibility claims.
Student Budget Calculator
Monthly income against spending for students, a 50/30/20 comparison and the funding gap for a term once tuition and aid are counted, in any currency.
ROI Calculator
Net profit, ROI and annualized ROI for one investment, or a ranked comparison of several, with income, fees and a currency selector.
Break-Even Calculator
Break-even units and revenue, contribution margin, volume for a target profit and margin of safety, with a revenue-versus-cost chart.
Markup and Margin Calculator
Convert between markup and margin, find a selling price from cost, or find cost and profit from a price — with the formulas, a working and a reference table.
Depreciation Calculator
Depreciation schedules by straight-line, declining balance, double-declining, sum-of-the-years'-digits and units of production — matching Excel's SLN, DB, DDB and SYD.
Financial Ratio Calculator
Liquidity, solvency, efficiency, profitability and market ratios from balance sheet and income statement figures — formulas shown, average or ending balances.
Bond Yield Calculator
Bond price from yield or yield to maturity from price, with accrued interest, current yield, Macaulay and modified duration — matching Excel's PRICE, YIELD and DURATION.
CAPM Calculator
Expected return from the risk-free rate, beta and market return with the security market line — or estimate beta by regressing your asset's returns on the market's.
WACC Calculator
Weighted average cost of capital from equity, debt and preferred stock, with the after-tax cost of debt and a cost of equity you can enter or calculate with CAPM.
Critical Path Calculator
Critical path method with forward and backward pass tables, slack and the critical path highlighted, plus PERT three-point estimates, variance and completion probability.
PESTLE Analysis Generator
Build a PESTLE or PEST grid from your political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors, with a rating table, so-what questions and sources.
Porter's Five Forces Generator
Rate Porter's five forces from 1 to 5 with a checklist of determinants, then download the shaded diagram and copy a written analysis with an overall reading.
BCG Matrix Maker
Plot products on a BCG growth-share matrix from revenue, market growth and relative market share, with bubble sizes, adjustable cut-offs and SVG or PNG download.
Business Model Canvas Generator
Fill the nine blocks of the Business Model Canvas and get a printable canvas with Strategyzer's credit and licence, plus SVG, PNG and text downloads.
Business Plan Outline Generator
Build a business plan outline for a class or competition: traditional or pitch-style sections, prompts to answer in each, and a word target per section.
Microeconomics and Macroeconomics
Markets, costs and competition
Start with the Supply and Demand Calculator to find an equilibrium price and quantity from linear curves, then the Price Elasticity of Demand Calculator to see how sensitive buyers are to a price change. Firm-level questions go to the Cost Curves Calculator (average and marginal cost) and market structure to the Herfindahl–Hirschman Index Calculator, which sums squared market shares. Trade and strategy have their own tools: the Comparative Advantage Calculator compares opportunity costs and the Nash Equilibrium Calculator finds the equilibria of a payoff matrix. The Gini Coefficient Calculator measures inequality from an income list, on a scale from 0 (equal) to 1.
The whole economy
Deflate nominal figures with the Real GDP Calculator, build or rebase an index with the Price Index Calculator, and convert between past and present money with the Inflation Calculator. The Unemployment Rate Calculator works from the labour-force definitions, the CAGR Calculator turns a start and end value into an average growth rate, and the Multiplier Calculator traces a spending change through the economy.
Finance, Accounting and Business Analysis
| Your question | Use |
|---|---|
| How much will this grow, or what is it worth today? | Compound Interest, Simple Interest, Present Value |
| Is a project worth doing? | NPV and IRR, ROI, Break-Even |
| What will a loan cost? | Loan Payment, Student Loan Repayment, APR to APY |
| How is the company doing? | Financial Ratios, Depreciation, Markup and Margin |
| What discount rate should I use? | CAPM for the cost of equity, WACC for the blended rate, Bond Yield for debt |
| How do I plan my own money? | Student Budget |
Business courses also ask for frameworks rather than numbers. The SWOT Analysis Generator, PESTLE Analysis Generator, Porter's Five Forces Generator, BCG Matrix Maker and Business Model Canvas Generator turn your lists into a printable layout, and the Business Plan Outline Generator gives a plan its section skeleton. The Critical Path Calculator schedules a project from its task dependencies. These are honest templates, no AI: the analysis is yours, and the tool lays it out.
Formulas Course Conventions Disagree On
Several standard calculations have more than one accepted form, and the right one is the one your course uses. Check before you compare your answer with a textbook's.
| Calculation | Where versions differ |
|---|---|
| Price elasticity of demand | Simple percentage change from the starting point, or the midpoint (arc) method, which gives the same answer in both directions. Elasticity is often reported as an absolute value. |
| Inflation and real values | The price index chosen (CPI, GDP deflator) and its base year change the result. |
| Interest | Simple versus compound, and how often it compounds — an APR is not the same as the APY it produces. |
| Profit margin | Margin divides profit by price; markup divides it by cost. A 25% markup is a 20% margin. |
| Concentration (HHI) | The index runs from near 0 to 10,000, but the thresholds regulators call concentrated have changed between merger guidelines. |
These tools are built for learning and assignments: they apply textbook formulas to the numbers you enter and show each step. They are not financial advice, and real loans, investments and taxes involve fees, rules and risks a classroom formula leaves out. For charts of economic data, see Charts & Diagrams; for regression and hypothesis tests, Statistics Calculators.
Frequently Asked Questions
- What is the midpoint method for elasticity?
- It measures each percentage change against the average of the old and new values instead of the starting value: (Q₂ − Q₁) ÷ ((Q₁ + Q₂) ÷ 2), divided by the same expression for price. The result is the same whether the price rises or falls, which is why many introductory courses teach it.
- What is the difference between markup and margin?
- Both start from profit per item. Markup expresses it as a share of cost; margin expresses it as a share of the selling price. An item that costs $80 and sells for $100 has a 25% markup and a 20% margin. The Markup and Margin Calculator converts between them.
- What is the difference between APR and APY?
- APR is the annual rate before compounding. APY (annual percentage yield) includes the effect of compounding within the year, so it is higher whenever interest compounds more than once a year: 12% APR compounded monthly is about 12.68% APY. The APR to APY Converter does the conversion.
- How do I calculate NPV, and what does a positive NPV mean?
- Discount each future cash flow by (1 + r)t, add them up and subtract the initial outlay. A positive NPV means the project earns more than the discount rate you chose, so on that assumption it adds value. The NPV and IRR Calculator lists each discounted flow, and the IRR is the rate that makes NPV exactly zero.
- How do I calculate real GDP from nominal GDP?
- Divide nominal GDP by the GDP deflator and multiply by 100. If nominal GDP is 2,400 and the deflator is 120 (base year = 100), real GDP is 2,400 ÷ 120 × 100 = 2,000, in base-year prices. The Real GDP Calculator also reports growth between periods.
- How do I calculate break-even?
- Divide fixed costs by the contribution per unit — the selling price minus the variable cost per unit. With $6,000 of fixed costs, a $25 price and $10 of variable cost, break-even is 6,000 ÷ 15 = 400 units. The Break-Even Calculator also gives the break-even in revenue.