كيفية الاستشهاد بمعرض متحفي أو بطاقة أو قطعة أثرية

APA 7 عمل فني، شوهد شخصيًا:

Artist, A. A. (Year). Title of work [Medium]. Museum Name, City, ST, Country.

APA 7 لوحة أو نص جدار:

[Plaque with background information about Title]. (n.d. or exhibition year). Museum Name, City, ST, Country.

APA 7 معرض، أمين غير معروف:

Title of exhibition [Exhibition]. (Year–Year). Museum Name, City, ST, Country.

MLA 9 عمل فني، شوهد شخصيًا:

Artist Last Name, First Name. Title of Work. Year, Museum Name, City.

MLA 9 نص جدار:

Wall text for Title of Work, by Artist Name. Exhibition Title, Day Mon. Year-Day Mon. Year, Museum Name, City.

حاشية Chicago 18 لعمل فني (CMOS 14.133):

1. Artist Name, Title of Work, Year, medium, dimensions, Museum Name, City, object no. Accession, URL if consulted online.

حاشية Chicago 18 لكتالوج (CMOS 14.134):

2. Author Name, Title of Catalog, exh. cat. (Publisher, Year), Page.

Use this format to cite all types of museum artwork, including paintings, sculptures, photographs, prints, drawings, digital art, crafts, and installations.

Always include a description of the medium or format in square brackets after the title. The description is flexible (e.g., a general description such as “[Painting]” or a more specific description such as “[Oil painting]” or “[Oil on canvas]”).

For untitled artwork, include a description in square brackets in place of a title.

Provide a link to the artwork on the museum website if available.

Provide the curator(s) of the exhibition in the author element of the reference.

When the curator is unknown, move the title of the exhibition to the author position of the reference.

Provide a description of the plaque in square brackets rather than the name of the artwork or item so it is clear that you are citing the plaque itself.

If the plaque itself is dated, use that date. If the plaque is not dated, use “n.d.” Do not use the date of the artwork or item being described.

قائمة المراجع، شوهد شخصيًا (Wood, 1930):

Wood, G. (1930). American gothic [Painting]. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

بين قوسين:

(Wood, 1930)

قائمة المراجع، العمل نفسه على موقع Art Institute:

Wood, G. (1930). American gothic [Painting]. Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States. https://www.artic.edu/aic/collections/artwork/6565

قائمة المراجع، سطر van Gogh الرسمي عبر الإنترنت:

van Gogh, V. (1889). The starry night [Painting]. The Museum of Modern Art, New York, NY, United States. https://www.moma.org/learn/moma_learning/vincent-van-gogh-the-starry-night-1889/

بين قوسين:

(van Gogh, 1889)

سردي:

van Gogh (1889)

قائمة المراجع:

[Plaque with background information about American Gothic]. (n.d.). Art Institute Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States.

بين قوسين:

([Plaque with background information about American Gothic], n.d.)

سردي:

[Plaque with background information about American Gothic] (n.d.)

قائمة المراجع، معرض بلا أمين منسوب:

Design for eternity: Architectural models from the ancient Americas [Exhibition]. (2015–2016). The Met Fifth Avenue, New York, NY, United States. https://www.metmuseum.org/exhibitions/listings/2015/design-for-eternity

بين قوسين:

(Design for Eternity, 2015–2016)

قائمة المراجع، معرض بأمناء مسمّين:

Martinez, J.-L., & Douar, F. (2018–2019). Archaeology goes graphic [Exhibition]. The Louvre, Paris, France. https://www.louvre.fr/en/expositions/archaeology-goes-graphic

بين قوسين:

(Martinez & Douar, 2018–2019)

قائمة المراجع، كتالوج معرض Met (كتاب، لا المعرض):

Pillsbury, J., Sarro, P. J., Doyle, J. A., & Wiersema, J. B. (2015). Design for eternity: Architectural models from the ancient Americas. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

قائمة المراجع، كتالوج Bambach:

Bambach, C. C. (2017). Michelangelo: Divine draftsman and designer. The Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Note that in the above works-cited-list entries, the date is followed by a comma in the first example and a period in the second. In the first example, 1975 is in the publication-date slot on the MLA format template. In the second example, 1975 tells you when The Train was created, not when it was published on the site MOMA.

There is no date after the title of the container (MOMA) because the date the image was posted is not given on the site.

Provide a description of the wall text as the title of the source. This may include the title of the artwork the wall text explains and the artist who created it.

Cite an art catalog the way you would cite a book.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، شوهد في القاعة:

Bearden, Romare. The Train. 1975, Museum of Modern Art, New York.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، شوهد على موقع المتحف:

Bearden, Romare. The Train. 1975. MOMA, www.moma.org/collection/works/65232?locale=en.

في النص:

(Bearden)

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، بطاقة في معرض مؤرخ:

Wall text for A Warrior’s Story, Honoring Grandpa Blue Bird, by Lauren Good Day Giago. Unbound: Narrative Art of the Plains, 12 Mar.-4 Dec. 2016, National Museum of the American Indian, New York.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، قطعة بلا عنوان في معرض مؤرخ:

Wall text for central Caribbean tripod vessel in the form of a spectacled owl. Céramica de los Ancestros: Central America’s Past Revealed, 18 Apr. 2015-Dec. 2017, National Museum of the American Indian, New York.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، بطاقة مجموعة دائمة:

Wall text for jar with feathered serpent design. National Museum of the American Indian, New York.

في النص (أوائل كلمات الوصف، بلا علامات اقتباس):

(Wall text for A Warrior’s Story)

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، عمل فني شوهد في معرض مؤرخ:

Turner, Joseph Mallord William. Dieppe: The Port from the Quai Henri IV. Turner’s Modern and Ancient Ports: Passages through Time, 23 Feb. 2017- 14 May 2017, Frick Collection, New York.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، المعرض نفسه:

Unbound: Narrative Art of the Plains. 12 Mar.-4 Dec. 2016, National Museum of the American Indian, New York.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، تركيب يتمحور حول الفنان:

Cave, Nick. Until. 15 Oct. 2016-Aug. 2017, Mass MOCA, North Adams.

في النص للمعرض:

(Unbound)

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، كتالوج بمؤلف:

Bambach, Carmen C. Michelangelo: Divine Draftsman and Designer. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2017.

قائمة الأعمال المستشهد بها، كتالوج بلا مؤلف أو محرر:

American Encounters: The Simple Pleasures of Still Life. High Museum of Art, 2014.

في النص:

(Bambach); (American Encounters)

Information about paintings, photographs, sculptures, or other works of art can usually be presented in the text rather than in a note or bibliography.

If a note or bibliography entry is needed, list the artist, a title (in italics), and a date of creation or completion, followed by information about the medium and the location of the work.

For works consulted online, add a URL (14.133).

Museum accession numbers should be included in citations of artworks when they are available.

The abbreviation “exh. cat.” may be used for an exhibition catalog cited in a note.

في النص، بلا حاجة إلى حاشية:

Grant Wood's American Gothic (1930, oil on beaver board, Art Institute of Chicago) sets the pitchfork against the carpenter-gothic window.

حاشية، إعادة نشر UQ لعينة CMOS لـ Dalí، مع تحديث URL إلى https:

1. Salvador Dalí, The Persistence of Memory, 1931, oil on canvas, 9½ × 13″ (24.1 × 33 cm), Museum of Modern Art, New York, https://www.moma.org/collection/works/79018.

حاشية، Wood من سجل Art Institute الحي مع رقم اقتناء CMOS 18:

2. Grant Wood, American Gothic, 1930, oil on beaver board, 30 3/4 × 25 3/4 in. (78 × 65.3 cm), Art Institute of Chicago, reference no. 1930.934, https://www.artic.edu/artworks/6565/american-gothic.

حاشية مختصرة:

3. Wood, American Gothic.

الببليوغرافيا (فقط إذا أراد مدرّسك إدراج الأعمال الفنية):

Wood, Grant. American Gothic. 1930. Oil on beaver board, 30 3/4 × 25 3/4 in. (78 × 65.3 cm). Art Institute of Chicago. Reference no. 1930.934. https://www.artic.edu/artworks/6565/american-gothic.

حاشية، بطاقة مجموعة دائمة:

4. Art Institute of Chicago, wall text for Grant Wood, American Gothic, Gallery 263, Chicago, viewed Month Day, Year.

حاشية، بطاقة في معرض مؤقت:

5. Metropolitan Museum of Art, wall text in Design for Eternity: Architectural Models from the Ancient Americas, New York, October 26, 2015–September 18, 2016.

حاشية مختصرة:

6. Art Institute of Chicago, wall text for Wood, American Gothic.

حاشية، كتالوج (احذف الصفحة ما لم يكن الكتاب مفتوحًا):

7. Carmen C. Bambach, Michelangelo: Divine Draftsman and Designer, exh. cat. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2017).

الببليوغرافيا، كتالوج، مع سطر الاقتران الخاص بالكتاب:

Bambach, Carmen C. Michelangelo: Divine Draftsman and Designer. Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2017. Published in conjunction with “Michelangelo: Divine Draftsman and Designer,” on view at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, from November 13, 2017, through February 12, 2018.

حاشية، كتالوج Pillsbury لمثال معرض APA:

8. Joanne Pillsbury, Patricia Joan Sarro, James Alan Doyle, and Juliet Benham Wiersema, Design for Eternity: Architectural Models from the Ancient Americas, exh. cat. (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2015).

في النص، المعرض بوصفه حدثًا:

The Met's Design for Eternity: Architectural Models from the Ancient Americas (October 26, 2015–September 18, 2016) grouped tomb models from the ancient Americas.

في النص، كتالوج:

(Bambach 2017)

قائمة المراجع، كتالوج:

Bambach, Carmen C. 2017. Michelangelo: Divine Draftsman and Designer. Metropolitan Museum of Art.

في النص، عمل فني (إذا أريد استشهاد بين قوسين):

(Wood 1930)