如何引用同一作者同一年份的两部作品

APA 7 参考文献：

Author, A. A. (Yeara). First title … / Author, A. A. (Yearb). Second title …

APA 7 正文：

(Author, Yeara); (Author, Yearb); both at once (Author, Yeara, Yearb)

MLA 9 作品引用：

Author, First. First Title. … / ---. Second Title. …

MLA 9 正文：

(Author, Short Title Page); (Author, "Short Article" Page)

Chicago 18 缩短注释：

2. Author, "Short Title," Page. / 3. Author, "Other Short Title," Page.

Chicago 18 文献表：

Author, First. "First Title." … / Author, First. "Second Title." … (name repeated; no 3-em dash)

Chicago 18 author-date：

Author, First. Yeara. … / Author, First. Yearb. … and (Author Yeara, Page)

To distinguish between these works, put a lowercase letter after the year in both the in-text citation and the reference list.

Letter format for references with years is "2020a," "2020b."

Letter format for references with no date is "n.d.-a," "n.d.-b."

Letter format for references in-press is "in press-a," "in press-b."

Assigning letters is a two-step process. First, compare dates. References with only a year precede those with more specific dates, and specific dates are placed in chronological order.

Arrange works with the same author(s) and same year alphabetically by title in the reference list. This then determines which references uses a, b, c etc.

However, if references with the same author and date are identified as articles in a series (e.g., Part 1 and Part 2), order the references in the series order, regardless of the titles' alphabetical order.

参考文献（题名顺序）：

Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D. (2012a). General and specific measures in organizational behavior research: Considerations, examples, and recommendations for researchers. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 33(2), 161–174. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.764

Judge, T. A., & Kammeyer-Mueller, J. D. (2012b). On the value of aiming high: The causes and consequences of ambition. Journal of Applied Psychology, 97(4), 758–775. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0028084

括号，一部作品：

(Judge & Kammeyer-Mueller, 2012a)

叙述式：

Judge and Kammeyer-Mueller (2012b) found that …

两部作品一起：

(Judge & Kammeyer-Mueller, 2012a, 2012b)

取自 2012a 页码范围的引文：

(Judge & Kammeyer-Mueller, 2012a, p. 169)

仅年份排在更具体的日期之前：

Azikiwe, H., & Bello, A. (2020a).

Azikiwe, H., & Bello, A. (2020b, March 26).

Azikiwe, H., & Bello, A. (2020c, April 2).

同一作者跨越不同日期类型：

Patel, S. N. (n.d.).

Patel, S. N. (2016).

Patel, S. N. (2020a).

Patel, S. N. (2020b, April).

Patel, S. N. (in press).

参考文献，题名顺序：

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-a). Reflective. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved September 6, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/reflective

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.-b). Semantics. In Merriam-Webster.com dictionary. Retrieved September 6, 2021, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/semantics

正文：

(Merriam-Webster, n.d.-a); (Merriam-Webster, n.d.-b)

即将出版模板（并非真实文章）：

Author, A. A. (in press-a). First forthcoming title. Journal Name.

Author, A. A. (in press-b). Second forthcoming title. Other Journal.

正文，即将出版：

(Author, in press-a, in press-b)

According to the ninth edition of the MLA Handbook, three em dashes or three hyphens can take the place of identical names in consecutive works-cited-list entries (sec. 5.126), but using dashes and hyphens in that way can cause accessibility issues for users of screen readers and other assistive technologies.

With that in mind, future editions of the handbook will no longer recommend using dashes or hyphens. Instead, MLA style will advise repeating names in full in the Author element of consecutive works-cited-list entries, so the information is clear to everyone.

You are welcome to use either style—using dashes or hyphens, or writing out all names in full—in advance of the next handbook edition, as long as your instructor doesn’t object to your deviating from the guidance published in the ninth edition.

作品引用（题名顺序，第九版连字符）：

Morrison, Toni. Jazz. Knopf, 1992.

---. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. Harvard UP, 1992.

同一列表，重复姓名（已经允许）：

Morrison, Toni. Jazz. Knopf, 1992.

Morrison, Toni. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. Harvard UP, 1992.

括号：

(Morrison, Jazz 45)

(Morrison, Playing 17)

句中点出作者：

Morrison describes that opening (Jazz 45).

句中点出作者与题名：

In Jazz, Morrison describes that opening (45).

Chicago now prefers repeating the name of the author(s) rather than using a 3-em dash to stand in for repeated names in bibliographies or reference lists.

首次注释，作品 1：

1. Hector Neff et al., "Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics," Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 1 (2006): 60, https://doi.org/10.2307/25063036.

首次注释，作品 2：

2. Hector Neff et al., "Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics," Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 1 (2006): 110, https://doi.org/10.2307/25063039.

缩短注释：

3. Neff et al., "Methodological Issues," 62.

4. Neff et al., "Smokescreens," 112.

文献表（重复姓名，题名顺序）：

Neff, Hector, Jeffrey Blomster, Michael D. Glascock, et al. "Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics." Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 1 (2006): 54–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/25063036.

Neff, Hector, Jeffrey Blomster, Michael D. Glascock, et al. "Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics." Latin American Antiquity 17, no. 1 (2006): 104–18. https://doi.org/10.2307/25063039.

If the works are by the same author, assign letters to the dates in your reference list and refer to them (Jones 2000a, 2000b).

Yes, you can use letters to differentiate the two articles in your text.

Because the first three authors are identical for those two articles (each of which lists thirteen authors), adding a and b after the year of publication would distinguish them in the text.

Alternatively, you could cite by title in the text (and omit the letters in the reference list entries and text citations):

参考文献表（CMOS Q&A，题名顺序）：

Neff, Hector, Jeffrey Blomster, Michael D. Glascock, et al. 2006a. "Methodological Issues in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics." Latin American Antiquity 17 (1): 54–76. https://doi.org/10.2307/25063036.

Neff, Hector, Jeffrey Blomster, Michael D. Glascock, et al. 2006b. "Smokescreens in the Provenance Investigation of Early Formative Mesoamerican Ceramics." Latin American Antiquity 17 (1): 104–18. https://doi.org/10.2307/25063039.

正文引用（字母）：

(Neff et al. 2006a)

(Neff et al. 2006b)

正文引用（同一 Q&A 的题名替代）：

(Neff et al., "Methodological Issues," 2006)

(Neff et al., "Smokescreens," 2006)

• 我确认这些作品出自同一作者名单，而不是两位同姓的人。
• APA：我先比较日期（仅年份先于月日），再按题名排列相同日期，并忽略了 A、An 和 The。
• APA 与 Chicago author-date：我在列表和每一次引用（包括第一次）的年份后都加上了 a、b、c。
• APA：我在 n.d.-a 和 in press-a 中用了连字符，在 2012a 中没有用。
• MLA：我在每个括号里加上了缩短题名，姓名后加逗号、页码前不加逗号，并且只在作者行完全相同时才用 ---. ——或者我重复了姓名。
• Chicago：我在每条文献表或参考文献条目中重复了姓名，而不是用 3-em 破折号。
• 每次后来在列表中添加条目后，我都重新检查了字母，因为新的题名或更具体的日期可能改变顺序。