AMA还是Vancouver：该用哪种编号式医学引用样式？

句中的AMA 11：

Solid-organ transplantation in selected patients with HIV infection has been reported.¹

句中的ICMJE Vancouver：

Solid-organ transplantation in selected patients with HIV infection has been reported (1).

AMA 11期刊文章模板：

作者 AA, 作者 BB. 文章标题. 期刊缩写. 年;卷(期):页码. doi:10.xxxx/xxxxx

Vancouver期刊文章模板：

作者 AA, 作者 BB. 文章标题. 期刊缩写. 年 月 日;卷(期):页码.

et al.之前的作者：

AMA 11：列出1–6位；超过6位则前3位 + et al.。Vancouver / NLM样例：前6位 + et al.

JAMA Network Open作者须知

Number references in the order they appear in the text; do not alphabetize. In text, tables, and legends, identify references with superscript arabic numerals. When listing references, follow AMA style and abbreviate names of journals according to the journals list in PubMed. List all authors and/or editors up to 6; if more than 6, list the first 3 followed by "et al."

JAMA Network Open，关于期号

Note: Journal references should include the issue number in parentheses after the volume number.

ICMJE Recommendations

References should be numbered consecutively in the order in which they are first mentioned in the text. Identify references in text, tables, and legends by Arabic numerals in parentheses.

ICMJE，关于期刊名

The titles of journals should be abbreviated according to the style used for MEDLINE.

ICMJE，关于格式

References should follow the standards summarized in the NLM's Sample References webpage and detailed in the NLM's Citing Medicine, 2nd edition.

National Library of Medicine

The recommended style for references is based on the National Information Standards Organization NISO Z39.29-2005 (R2010) Bibliographic References as adapted by the National Library of Medicine for its databases.

句中的AMA：

Solid-organ transplantation in selected patients with HIV infection has been reported.¹ Later reviews reused the same number.¹

句中的ICMJE Vancouver：

Solid-organ transplantation in selected patients with HIV infection has been reported (1). Later reviews reused the same number (1).

常见的期刊Vancouver变体：

Reported [1]. / Reported.¹

UCF JAMA指南（AMA §3.3）

Superscript numbers are placed outside periods and commas, and inside colons and semicolons.

JAMA Network Open，表格脚注

When both a footnote letter and reference number follow data in a table, set the superscript reference number first followed by a comma and the superscript letter.

UCF JAMA指南，未发表作品

Unpublished works and personal communications should be cited parenthetically (and not on the reference list).

NLM Samples of Formatted References

List the first six authors, followed by et al. If there are more than six authors, list the first six authors, followed by et al. (Note: NLM now lists all authors.):

AMA 11：

1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002;347(4):284-287.

Vancouver（NLM样例，含期号）：

1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002 Jul 25;347(4):284-7.

Vancouver（NLM可选短式）：

1. Halpern SD, Ubel PA, Caplan AL. Solid-organ transplantation in HIV-infected patients. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:284-7.

AMA / JAMA Network Open作者须知样例：

2. Youngster I, Russell GH, Pindar C, Ziv-Baran T, Sauk J, Hohmann EL. Oral, capsulized, frozen fecal microbiota transplantation for relapsing Clostridium difficile infection. JAMA. 2014;312(17):1772-1778.

同一篇文章，Vancouver / NLM标点：

2. Youngster I, Russell GH, Pindar C, Ziv-Baran T, Sauk J, Hohmann EL. Oral, capsulized, frozen fecal microbiota transplantation for relapsing Clostridium difficile infection. JAMA. 2014;312(17):1772-8.

AMA 11（前3位 + et al.）：

3. Messier SP, Mihalko SL, Beavers DP, et al. Effect of high-intensity strength training on knee pain and knee joint compressive forces among adults with knee osteoarthritis: the START randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;325(7):646-657. doi:10.1001/jama.2021.0411

Vancouver（前6位 + et al.）：

3. Messier SP, Mihalko SL, Beavers DP, Nicklas BJ, DeVita P, Carr JJ, et al. Effect of high-intensity strength training on knee pain and knee joint compressive forces among adults with knee osteoarthritis: the START randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2021;325(7):646-57. doi: 10.1001/jama.2021.0411.

NLM样例（Vancouver）：

4. Rose ME, Huerbin MB, Melick J, Marion DW, Palmer AM, Schiding JK, et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res. 2002;935(1-2):40-6.

同一篇文章，AMA 11：

4. Rose ME, Huerbin MB, Melick J, et al. Regulation of interstitial excitatory amino acid concentrations after cortical contusion injury. Brain Res. 2002;935(1-2):40-46.

Vancouver（NLM DOI样例）：

5. Zhang M, Holman CD, Price SD, Sanfilippo FM, Preen DB, Bulsara MK. Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for adverse drug reactions in older adults: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009 Jan 7;338:a2752. doi: 10.1136/bmj.a2752.

AMA 11：

5. Zhang M, Holman CD, Price SD, Sanfilippo FM, Preen DB, Bulsara MK. Comorbidity and repeat admission to hospital for adverse drug reactions in older adults: retrospective cohort study. BMJ. 2009;338:a2752. doi:10.1136/bmj.a2752

Vancouver（NLM以机构为作者的样例）：

Diabetes Prevention Program Research Group. Hypertension, insulin, and proinsulin in participants with impaired glucose tolerance. Hypertension. 2002;40(5):679-86.

AMA / JAMA Network Open先行在线发表样例：

Murray CJL. Maximizing antiretroviral therapy in developing countries: the dual challenge of efficiency and quality [published online December 1, 2014]. JAMA. doi:10.1001/jama.2014.16376

AMA 11（JAMA自己的CONSORT 2025参考文献）：

Hopewell S, Chan A, Collins GS, et al. CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomized trials. JAMA. Published online April 14, 2025. doi:10.1001/jama.2025.4347

UCF JAMA图书指南（AMA 11）

The 11th edition of this manual no longer recommends including the publisher's location for several reasons: many publishers have more than 1 location and determining which location is appropriate to include can be challenging; location can be difficult to determine if looking at an online resource (eg, an e-book); and publisher location is not a necessary piece of information in retrieving the reference.

AMA 11（UCF JAMA图书样例）：

6. Gilbert SF. Developmental Biology. 8th ed. Sinauer Associates; 2006.

AMA 11（JAMA自己的AMA Manual引用，无城市）：

Iverson C, Christiansen S, Flanagin A, et al. AMA Manual of Style: A Guide for Authors and Editors. 11th ed. Oxford University Press; 2020.

JAMA残留样例——不要把城市复制进AMA 11：

McPhee SJ, Winker MA, Rabow MW, Pantilat SZ, Markowitz AJ, eds. Care at the Close of Life: Evidence and Experience. New York, NY: McGraw Hill Medical; 2011.

AMA 11电子书（UCF JAMA图书样例）：

Auerbach PS. Wilderness Medicine. 6th ed. Mosby Elsevier; 2012. Accessed October 6, 2014. https://www.clinicalkey.com/#!/browse/book/3-s2.0-C2009039724X

Vancouver（NLM样例）：

6. Murray PR, Rosenthal KS, Kobayashi GS, Pfaller MA. Medical microbiology. 4th ed. St. Louis: Mosby; 2002.

Vancouver章节（NLM样例）：

7. Meltzer PS, Kallioniemi A, Trent JM. Chromosome alterations in human solid tumors. In: Vogelstein B, Kinzler KW, editors. The genetic basis of human cancer. New York: McGraw-Hill; 2002. p. 93-113.

AMA 11网站：

8. International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Recommendations for the conduct, reporting, editing, and publication of scholarly work in medical journals. Accessed September 16, 2026. https://www.icmje.org/recommendations/

Vancouver主页（NLM样例）：

8. eatright.org [Internet]. Chicago: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics; c2016 [cited 2016 Dec 27]. Available from: https://www.eatright.org/.

Vancouver站点一部分（NLM样例）：

9. American Medical Association [Internet]. Chicago: The Association; c1995-2016 [cited 2016 Dec 27]. Office of International Medicine; [about 2 screens]. Available from: https://www.ama-assn.org/about/office-international-medicine

Vancouver预印本（NLM样例）：

Alvarez R. Near optimal neural network estimator for spectral x-ray photon counting data with pileup. arXiv:1702.01006v1 [Preprint]. 2017 [cited 2017 Feb 9]: [11 p.]. Available from: https://arxiv.org/abs/1702.01006

NLM，Forthcoming对In press

NLM prefers "Forthcoming" rather than "In press" because not all items will be printed.

Vancouver Forthcoming（NLM样例）：

Tian D, Araki H, Stahl E, Bergelson J, Kreitman M. Signature of balancing selection in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Forthcoming 2002.

Vancouver撤稿文章（NLM样例）：

Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. Safety and tolerability of a rapidly escalating dose-loading regimen for risperidone. J Clin Psychiatry. 2000;61(12):909-11. Retraction in: Feifel D, Moutier CY, Perry W. J Clin Psychiatry. 2002;63(2):169.

Vancouver数据集，简化的NLM格式：

RxNorm [dataset]. April 4, 2016 Full Monthly Release. 2016 Apr 4 [cited 2016 Apr 18]. Available from: https://www.nlm.nih.gov/research/umls/rxnorm/docs/rxnormfiles.html

ICMJE，未发表与个人通信

References to papers accepted but not yet published should be designated as "in press" or "forthcoming." Information from manuscripts submitted but not accepted should be cited in the text as "unpublished observations" with written permission from the source.

ICMJE，个人通信

Avoid citing a "personal communication" unless it provides essential information not available from a public source, in which case the name of the person and date of communication should be cited in parentheses in the text.

ICMJE，预印本

When preprints are cited, the citation should clearly indicate that the reference is a preprint.

ICMJE，数据集

Published articles should reference the unique, persistent identifiers of the data sets employed.

ICMJE，撤稿

Authors are responsible for checking that none of the references cite retracted articles except in the context of referring to the retraction.

ICMJE，将AI作为来源

Referencing AI-generated material as the primary source is not acceptable.