如何用APA第7版引用社会工作文献

期刊文章：

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of article. Title of Periodical, volume(issue), page–page. https://doi.org/xx.xxx/xxxxx

伦理守则或标准文件：

Organization Name. (Year). Title of code or standards. https://www.example.org/code

政府或机构报告：

Specific Agency. (Year). Title of report (Report No. xxx). Parent Agency. https://www.example.gov/report.pdf

基金会或灰色文献报告：

Organization Name. (Year). Title of report. https://www.example.org/report

草案标准（尚未生效）：

Organization Name. (Year). Title of draft [Draft]. https://www.example.org/draft

联邦制定法：

Name of the Statute, Title number U.S.C. § Section number (Year).

括号式文内引用：

(Author, Year, p. xx)

叙述式文内引用：

Author (Year) found…

团体作者，首次与后续提及：

(National Association of Social Workers [NASW], 2021); later (NASW, 2021)

All submissions must conform to the standards of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (7th edition). Manuscripts that do not meet this requirement will not be processed.

The journal follows the APA reference style.

Reference formats are based on the document type (e.g., journal article, report), not the retrieval method (e.g., online, in print).

Even if you retrieved a work online, determine what type of document it is. Only cite a work as a webpage or website if no other category fits.

leftover-JSW-section-4.4 / leftover-JSW-adheres-to-versus-follows:

9月版引用了“Journal of Social Work adheres to the APA reference style”，并称之为第4.4节。现行Sage须知页现在在Reference style and citations下写“The journal follows the APA reference style.”。不要恢复旧句或旧节号。

leftover-CSWE-2029-EPAS-draft-omitted:

https://www.cswe.org/accreditation-standards-epas 现在横幅写着“NEW: First draft of 2029 EPAS now available.”。公开征求意见页是 https://www.cswe.org/2029-epas。第一稿于2026年10月13日正午开放；意见截止东部时间2026年11月20日晚上11:59。此后CSWE称将撤下草案。

leftover-2029-EPAS-not-yet-adoptable:

CSWE常见问题：“Programs will not be able to adopt these standards until they are final.” 第二份公开草案预告在2027年年会 / 2027年秋季；最终文本预告在2028/2029。不要用2026年10月草案替换2022 EPAS或2025 DSW参考文献。

leftover-two-versus-three-drafts, as CSWE’s own FAQs still print both:

“Is this draft of the 2029 EPAS final?” 回答 “This is the first of two drafts that will be presented for public commentary.” “When can my program implement or transition to the 2029 EPAS?” 回答 “This is the first of three drafts of the 2029 EPAS.” 引用你打开的页面；不要编造第四种计数。

leftover-2029-includes-practice-doctorate:

2029常见问题称草案 “applies to all CSWE-accredited and candidate baccalaureate, master’s, and practice doctorate programs.” 这是未来范围事实。课程尚不能实施。把2025年实践博士PDF留作现行DSW对象。

leftover-interpretation-guide-pdf-url / leftover-interpretation-guide-5.1.2026-footer-versus-7.21.2026-cover:

公开配套仍是version 7.21.2026。带日期文件 https://www.cswe.org/sites/default/files/2026-07/2022_EPAS_Interpretation_Guide_072026.pdf 最后修改于2026年7月28日。该PDF第2页页脚仍印“version 5.1.2026.”。引用封面版本，不要引用遗留页脚。

leftover-environmental-scan-recommended-citation:

Commission on Educational Policy. (2026). Environmental scan for the 2029 educational policy and accreditation standards. Council on Social Work Education. https://www.cswe.org/document/7333（该URL会302到 https://www.cswe.org/sites/default/files/2026-10/2029_environmental_scan_1.pdf）。

leftover-Hodge-online-2024-versus-volume-2025:

Crossref于2024年11月25日发布Hodge et al.；Journal of Social Work 25(2)是2025年3月号，页250–270。APA第7版用2025，即卷年，而不是优先上网的日历日期。

leftover-Tarshish-online-2024-versus-volume-2025:

Crossref于2024年5月27日发布Tarshish, David, and Krumer-Nevo；印刷出版是2025年6月，Clinical Social Work Journal 53(2)，页220–231。保留(2025)。不要因为DOI在那年注册就把参考文献写成2024。

leftover-Child-Maltreatment-landing-updated-8-October-2026:

https://acf.gov/cb/data-research/child-maltreatment 仍把Child Maltreatment 2024（2026年1月16日）列为最新卷。尚无可引的2025年卷。leftover-KIDS-COUNT-37th-not-on-live-page：2026年10月19日打开的Annie E. Casey Foundation页面不印“37th”；去掉该序数。

In the reference, spell out the full name of a group author; do not use the abbreviation.

For government authors, use the name of the specific agency responsible for the work as the author.

社会工作文章示例：

Gambrill, E. (2006). Evidence-based practice and policy: Choices ahead. Research on Social Work Practice, 16(3), 338–357. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049731505284205

括号式：

(Gambrill, 2006)

叙述式：

Gambrill (2006) argued…

近期Journal of Social Work文章：

Hodge, D. R., Boynton, H. M., Vis, J.-A., Graham, J. R., Coholic, D., & Canda, E. R. (2025). Spirituality in social work practice: Myth or essential component of ethical and effective service provision? Journal of Social Work, 25(2), 250–270. https://doi.org/10.1177/14680173241279028

括号式：

(Hodge et al., 2025)

Clinical Social Work Journal文章：

Tarshish, N., David, P., & Krumer-Nevo, M. (2025). Social work advocacy: Towards a trauma-informed model. Clinical Social Work Journal, 53(2), 220–231. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-024-00942-1

The NASW Code of Ethics is a set of standards that guide the professional conduct of social workers.

The Code is relevant to all social workers and social work students, regardless of their professional functions, the settings in which they work, or the populations they serve.

References for ethics codes follow the same format as reports.

When the author and publisher are the same, omit the publisher name to avoid repetition.

To cite a specific section of an ethics code, create a reference to the full code and then indicate the specific section in the in-text citation. Use the language of the code to refer to sections (e.g., sections, provisions, standards).

NASW Code of Ethics（2021）：

National Association of Social Workers. (2021). Code of ethics of the National Association of Social Workers. https://www.socialworkers.org/About/Ethics/Code-of-Ethics/Code-of-Ethics-English

首次括号式，其后：

(National Association of Social Workers [NASW], 2021); later (NASW, 2021)

文中的具体标准：

(National Association of Social Workers, 2021, Standard 1.07)

Social workers should respect clients’ right to privacy. Social workers should not solicit private information from or about clients except for compelling professional reasons. Once private information is shared, standards of confidentiality apply.

Social workers should protect the confidentiality of all information obtained in the course of professional service, except for compelling professional reasons.

Social workers should not disclose identifying information when discussing clients for teaching or training purposes unless the client has consented to disclosure of confidential information.

The current edition of our accreditation standards was finalized and approved by the Board of Accreditation (BOA) in 2022.

CSWE 2022 EPAS：

Council on Social Work Education. (2022). 2022 educational policy and accreditation standards for baccalaureate and master’s social work programs. https://www.cswe.org/accreditation-standards-epas

首次括号式，其后：

(Council on Social Work Education [CSWE], 2022); later (CSWE, 2022)

文中的胜任力：

(Council on Social Work Education, 2022, Competency 4)

2022 EPAS Interpretation Guide（version 7.21.2026）：

Council on Social Work Education. (2026). 2022 EPAS interpretation guide for baccalaureate and master’s social work programs (Version 7.21.2026). https://www.cswe.org/sites/default/files/2026-07/2022_EPAS_Interpretation_Guide_072026.pdf

CSWE’s practice doctorate program accreditation standards were developed and approved by the Board of Accreditation (BOA) in February 2025.

2025实践博士标准：

Council on Social Work Education. (2025). 2025 accreditation standards for practice doctorate social work programs. https://www.cswe.org/practice-doctorate-program-accreditation

括号式：

(Council on Social Work Education, 2025)

文中的编号标准：

(Council on Social Work Education, 2025, Accreditation Standard D3.0.1)

The 2029 EPAS applies to all CSWE-accredited and candidate baccalaureate, master’s, and practice doctorate programs.

Programs will not be able to adopt these standards until they are final.

When the comment period ends, the draft will be removed, and the BOA will begin reviewing and incorporating feedback received.

2029 EPAS第一稿：

Council on Social Work Education. (2026). 2029 educational policy and accreditation standards [Draft]. https://www.cswe.org/2029-epas

括号式：

(Council on Social Work Education, 2026)

2029 EPAS环境扫描：

Commission on Educational Policy. (2026). Environmental scan for the 2029 educational policy and accreditation standards. Council on Social Work Education. https://www.cswe.org/document/7333

APA第7版中的Child Maltreatment 2024：

Children’s Bureau. (2026). Child maltreatment 2024. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration for Children and Families. https://acf.gov/cb/data-research/child-maltreatment

括号式：

(Children’s Bureau, 2026)

若随后缩写，首次叙述式：

The Children’s Bureau (2026) reported National Child Abuse and Neglect Data System counts for federal fiscal year 2024…

KIDS COUNT Data Book：

The Annie E. Casey Foundation. (2026). 2026 KIDS COUNT data book: State trends in child well-being. https://www.aecf.org/resources/2026-kids-count-data-book

括号式：

(The Annie E. Casey Foundation, 2026)

可找回的未发表报告：

Organization Name. (Year). Title of report [Unpublished report]. https://www.example.org/internal-report.pdf

无法找回的机构备忘录：

Cite in the text only: (A. A. Surname, personal communication, Month Day, Year)

经典社会工作书籍：

Richmond, M. E. (1917). Social diagnosis. Russell Sage Foundation.

括号式：

(Richmond, 1917)

The underlying pattern for this kind of reference is as follows: Name of the Statute, Title number Source § Section number(s) (Year). Note this format does not include any italics.

2024年美国法典中的CAPTA：

Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, 42 U.S.C. § 5101 (2024).

括号式：

(Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act, 2024)

叙述式：

Child Abuse Prevention and Treatment Act (2024)

Because readers cannot retrieve the information in personal communications, personal communications are not included in the reference list; they are cited in the text only.

An exception is personal communications, which are cited in the text of your paper but are not included in the reference list (see Section 8.9 in the seventh edition Publication Manual).

叙述式：

E.-M. Paradis (personal communication, August 8, 2019)

括号式：

(T. Nguyen, personal communication, February 24, 2020)