강의계획서, 수업 유인물, 코스팩 인용하는 방법

APA 7, 수업이 열 수 있는 LMS 파일(공식 Example 102 / Mack):

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

APA 7 표시된 강의계획서 템플릿(Mack 패턴. 대괄호만 바꿈):

Instructor, A. A. (Year). Title of document [Syllabus]. LMS Name. https://login-page-url

APA 7, 종이만 있는 유인물(공식 개인 간 통신):

(T. Nguyen, personal communication, February 24, 2020)

MLA 9 공식 강의계획서(Style Center):

Mueller, Alex. Syllabus for Social Networking in the Scriptorium. Spring 2014, U of Massachusetts, Boston.

MLA 9 공식 코스팩 재수록(Style Center):

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” “The Lottery” and Other Stories, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005, pp. 291-302.

Chicago 18 공식 강의 유추(CMOS Q&A / §14.115):

D'Erasmo, Stacy. "The Craft and Career of Writing." Lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26, 2000.

Chicago 18 표시된 강의계획서 템플릿(미출판 설명, 17판 괄호 없음):

1. First Name Last Name, syllabus for Course Name, Institution, Term Year.

Chicago 18 공식 개인 간 통신(Quick Guide):

1. Sam Gomez, Facebook direct message to author, August 1, 2024.

Works that cannot be recovered by readers are cited in the text as personal communications. Personal communications include emails, text messages, online chats or direct messages, personal interviews, telephone conversations, live speeches, nonarchived social media livestreams (e.g., Instagram Live, Twitter Spaces), unrecorded webinars, unrecorded classroom lectures, memos, letters, messages from nonarchived discussion groups or online bulletin boards, and so on.

Use a personal communication citation only when a recoverable source is not available. For example, if you learned about a topic via a classroom lecture, it would be preferable to cite the research on which the instructor based the lecture. However, if the lecture contained original content not published elsewhere, cite the lecture as a personal communication.

If the slides come from a classroom website, learning management system (e.g., Canvas, Blackboard, Moodle, Sakai), or company intranet and you are writing for an audience with access to that resource, provide the name of the site and its URL (use the login page URL for sites requiring login).

If the audience for which are you writing does not have access to the slides, cite them as a personal communication.

An exception is personal communications, which are cited in the text of your paper but are not included in the reference list (see Section 8.9 in the seventh edition Publication Manual).

참고문헌 목록(공식 Example 102):

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

괄호형:

(Mack & Spake, 2018)

서술형:

Mack and Spake (2018)

그 수업 과제용 표시된 강의계획서 템플릿:

Instructor, A. A. (Year). Course number: course name, term year syllabus [Syllabus]. LMS Name. https://login-page-url

그 수업 과제용 표시된 유인물 템플릿:

Instructor, A. A. (Year, Month Day). Title of handout [Class handout]. LMS Name. https://login-page-url

서술 인용(APA Style):

E.-M. Paradis (personal communication, August 8, 2019)

괄호 인용(APA Style):

(T. Nguyen, personal communication, February 24, 2020)

참고문헌 목록:

생략. 개인 간 통신은 본문에만 인용합니다.

참고문헌 목록:

Canan, E., & Vasilev, J. (2019, May 22). [Lecture notes on resource allocation]. Department of Management Control and Information Systems, University of Chile. https://uchilefau.academia.edu/ElseZCanan

괄호형:

(Canan & Vasilev, 2019)

표시된 제목 없는 유인물 템플릿:

Instructor, A. A. (Year, Month Day). [Worksheet on topic] [Class handout]. LMS Name. https://login-page-url

원본 자료, 강사가 저자이기도 함:

Elders, M. (2019). Neighborhood watch: Social media in the community. In M. Elders (Ed.), POL 241: Politics and activism in the 21st century (pp. 34–41). American University.

원본 자료, 저자가 다름:

Young, U., & Sikder, T. (2019). Taking a neighborhood canvasing approach to social media. In M. Elders (Ed.), POL 241: Politics and activism in the 21st century (pp. 34–41). American University.

원본 자료, 이름 있는 저자 없음:

Diagram of the tibia–basitarsis joint in Apis melifera. (2015). In B. Haave (Ed.), NEU 451: Movement and perception (pp. 44–45). St. Ambrose University.

괄호 인용(공식 짝):

(Elders, 2019; Young & Sikder, 2019)

저자 없는 괄호형(공식):

("A Diagram of the Tibia–Basitarsis Joint in Apis melifera," 2015)

출판된 이야기의 무변경 재수록(팩이 아니라 책을 인용):

Jackson, S. (2005). The lottery. In "The lottery" and other stories (pp. 291–302). Farrar, Straus and Giroux. (Original work published 1948)

If the author of a work—such as a syllabus, handout, or slide—is known, begin your works-cited-list entry with the name of the author. But be careful not to assume that the instructor is the author; you should only list the instructor in the Author element if you know that they created the materials. If the instructor is not the author, you may give the instructor’s name in the Contributor element. If the author is unknown, list the work by its title.

A syllabus is treated as an untitled work, and you should therefore provide a description of the work in place of a title.

Titles of handouts are capitalized like other titles, and they are styled in italics if they are stand-alone works. If a handout is part of a collection, enclose the title in quotation marks and do not italicize it. If the handout does not have a title, provide a description in place of a title, following the style for untitled works: capitalize the description sentence-style—that is, capitalizing only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns—and do not italicize it or enclose it in quotation marks.

강사가 강의계획서를 씀:

Mueller, Alex. Syllabus for Social Networking in the Scriptorium. Spring 2014, U of Massachusetts, Boston.

알려진 저자가 강사가 아님:

Kelly, Michaela. Syllabus for English Literature before 1600. Taught by Eva Wilder, fall 2021, Indiana University, Bloomington.

저자 불명:

Syllabus for Social Networking in the Scriptorium. Taught by Alex Mueller, spring 2014, U of Massachusetts, Boston.

본문:

(Mueller) or (Kelly) or (Syllabus for Social Networking)

공식 LMS 슬라이드(Style Center, 15 September 2020):

Carson, Sandy. Introduction to Digital Humanities. Blackboard, uploaded by Carson, 20 Oct. 2019, blackboard.ucla.edu/. PowerPoint presentation.

공식 Google Classroom 업로드(Style Center, 6 October 2021):

Algarotti, Francesco. An Essay on the Opera. Google Classroom, uploaded by Rachel Ross, 1 May 2021, classroom.google.com.

같은 저작, 그 글의 원출판 옵션:

Algarotti, Francesco. An Essay on the Opera. 1768. Google Classroom, uploaded by Rachel Ross, 1 May 2021, classroom.google.com.

표시된 제목 있는 종이 유인물 템플릿:

Instructor Last Name, First Name. Title of Handout. Course Number: Course Name, Day Mon. Year, Institution, City. Handout.

표시된 제목 없는 종이 유인물 템플릿:

Instructor Last Name, First Name. Handout on topic. Course Number: Course Name, Day Mon. Year, Institution, City.

If you are unable to get guidance on how to cite course-pack material, assume your instructor wants you to cite the original source of the material.

강사가 요구할 때 팩을 인용:

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” Course pack for English 285: American Short Story Writers, compiled by Anne Smith, Spring 2015, Iowa State U.

대신 출판 컬렉션을 인용(기본):

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” “The Lottery” and Other Stories, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005, pp. 291-302.

본문(두 경우 모두 원출판 쪽 매김):

(Jackson 291)

Titles of unpublished manuscripts, like the titles of other unpublished works, appear in quotation marks. Include the words unpublished manuscript and the date of the version consulted, if known; for electronic files, a last-saved or last-modified date may be appropriate. End the citation with an indication of format.

Unpublished manuscripts that are unavailable for others to consult may be mentioned in the text or in a note but are not usually included in a bibliography or reference list.

Details of the sponsorship, location, and date of the meeting at which a speech was given or a paper, slides, or poster presented follow the title. In previous editions of Chicago this information was put in parentheses. This is no longer the case. If the information is available online, include a URL.

참고문헌(CMOS Q&A 강의):

D'Erasmo, Stacy. "The Craft and Career of Writing." Lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26, 2000.

첫 주, 같은 강의:

1. Stacy D'Erasmo, "The Craft and Career of Writing," lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26, 2000.

표시된 강의계획서 주:

2. First Name Last Name, syllabus for Course Name, Institution, Term Year.

표시된 강의계획서 참고문헌:

Last Name, First Name. Syllabus for Course Name. Institution, Term Year.

표시된 제목 있는 유인물 주:

3. First Name Last Name, "Title of Handout," unpublished class handout, Course Name, Institution, Month Day, Year.

표시된 제목 없는 유인물 주:

4. First Name Last Name, handout on topic, Course Name, Institution, Month Day, Year.

It is often sufficient simply to describe web pages and other website content in the text (“As of November 15, 2023, Google’s privacy policy stated . . .”).

Personal communications, including email and text messages and direct messages sent through social media, are usually cited in the text or in a note only; they are rarely included in a bibliography.

공식 개인 간 통신 주:

1. Sam Gomez, Facebook direct message to author, August 1, 2024.

첫 주(출판 컬렉션을 인용):

5. Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery," in "The Lottery" and Other Stories (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005), 291.

단축 주:

6. Jackson, "The Lottery," 291.

참고문헌(CMOS 18 §14.8: 챕터 쪽 범위는 필수 아님):

Jackson, Shirley. "The Lottery." In "The Lottery" and Other Stories. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005.

같은 챕터, 팩을 보여 줌(표시된 추가. 공식 CMOS 행 아님):

7. Shirley Jackson, "The Lottery," in "The Lottery" and Other Stories (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005), 291, reprinted in course pack for Course Name, compiled by Instructor (Institution, Term Year).

참고문헌 목록의 공식 강의 유추:

D'Erasmo, Stacy. 2000. "The Craft and Career of Writing." Lecture, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, April 26.

그 강의의 본문:

(D'Erasmo 2000)

표시된 강의계획서 참고문헌:

Last Name, First Name. Year. Syllabus for Course Name. Institution, Term.

개인 간 통신으로 다루는 종이 유인물(본문 또는 주만):

(First Name Last Name, class handout, Month Day, Year)