실험 매뉴얼 인용하는 방법

APA 7, 출판된 매뉴얼:

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year). Title of lab manual (Xth ed.). Publisher.

APA 7, 학과 매뉴얼:

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of lab manual [Unpublished lab manual]. Department Name, University Name.

APA 7 본문:

(Author, Year, p. X) or (Author, Year, Experiment X)

MLA 9, 출판된 매뉴얼:

Author, First Name, and First Name Author. Title of Lab Manual. Xth ed., Publisher, Year.

MLA 9, 학과 매뉴얼:

Author, First Name. Title of Lab Manual. Department Name, University Name, Year.

MLA 9 본문:

(Author X)

Chicago 18 주, 출판된 매뉴얼:

1. First Name Author and First Name Author, Title of Lab Manual, Xth ed. (Publisher, Year), X.

Chicago 18 주, 학과 매뉴얼:

2. First Name Author, "Title of Lab Manual" (unpublished lab manual, Department Name, University Name, Year), X.

Chicago 18 author-date 본문:

(Author Year, X)

Works that cannot be recovered by readers are cited in the text as personal communications. Personal communications include emails, text messages, online chats or direct messages, personal interviews, telephone conversations, live speeches, nonarchived social media livestreams (e.g., Instagram Live, Twitter Spaces), unrecorded webinars, unrecorded classroom lectures, memos, letters, messages from nonarchived discussion groups or online bulletin boards, and so on.

Use a personal communication citation only when a recoverable source is not available. For example, if you learned about a topic via a classroom lecture, it would be preferable to cite the research on which the instructor based the lecture. However, if the lecture contained original content not published elsewhere, cite the lecture as a personal communication.

If the slides come from a classroom website, learning management system (e.g., Canvas, Blackboard, Moodle, Sakai), or company intranet and you are writing for an audience with access to that resource, provide the name of the site and its URL (use the login page URL for sites requiring login).

If the audience for which are you writing does not have access to the slides, cite them as a personal communication.

참고문헌:

Beran, J. A., & Lassiter, M. (2022). Laboratory manual for principles of general chemistry (11th ed.). Wiley.

괄호 인용:

(Beran & Lassiter, 2022)

서술 인용:

Beran and Lassiter (2022)

괄호 인용, Wiley 목차의 섹션 이름:

(Beran & Lassiter, 2022, Laboratory Safety and Guidelines section)

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

괄호 인용(공식):

(Mack & Spake, 2018)

서술 인용(공식):

Mack and Spake (2018)

템플릿, 강사가 저자(실제 강좌 아님):

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of lab manual [Unpublished lab manual]. Department Name, University Name.

템플릿, 학과가 저자(실제 강좌 아님):

Department of Chemistry. (Year). Title of lab manual [Unpublished lab manual]. University Name.

템플릿, LMS에 게시(실제 로그인 URL 아님):

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of lab manual [Lab manual]. Canvas@University. https://login-page-url

템플릿, 위치 표시로서의 실험:

(Author, Year, Experiment 3)

템플릿, 팩만을 위해 쓴 실험:

Author, A. A. (Year). Title of experiment. In Title of course pack (pp. XX–XX). Department Name, University Name.

팩이 출판된 매뉴얼을 재수록하면:

Beran and Lassiter (2022), 또는 허가 줄이 가리키는 출판 매뉴얼을 인용하세요. 팩이 아닙니다.

Cite specific parts of a source—for example, page ranges, tables, or figures—in the text in APA Style by adding information about the part to a standard in-text citation and writing a standard reference list entry.

Do not cite a specific part of a source in the reference list. Instead, cite the work that readers would retrieve to find the part.

There are many other possibilities—customize the wording to the work you are citing.

공식 쪽 예:

(Stoddard et al., 2020, p. 47)

공식 장 예:

(Merenda, 2018, Chapter 14)

출판 매뉴얼, Wiley 섹션 제목:

(Beran & Lassiter, 2022, Laboratory Safety and Guidelines section)

템플릿, 실험 번호, 쪽번호 없음:

(Author, Year, Experiment 3)

If the author of a work—such as a syllabus, handout, or slide—is known, begin your works-cited-list entry with the name of the author. But be careful not to assume that the instructor is the author; you should only list the instructor in the Author element if you know that they created the materials. If the instructor is not the author, you may give the instructor’s name in the Contributor element. If the author is unknown, list the work by its title.

Titles of handouts are capitalized like other titles, and they are styled in italics if they are stand-alone works. If a handout is part of a collection, enclose the title in quotation marks and do not italicize it. If the handout does not have a title, provide a description in place of a title, following the style for untitled works: capitalize the description sentence-style—that is, capitalizing only the first letter of the first word and any proper nouns—and do not italicize it or enclose it in quotation marks.

If a digital platform merely links to an outside source, such as an e-book, the platform is considered a passive conduit and should not be cited as a container.

작품 인용:

Beran, J. A., and Mark Lassiter. Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry. 11th ed., Wiley, 2022.

본문:

(Beran and Lassiter)

본문, 사본에 쪽이 있으면:

(Beran and Lassiter 12)

Carson, Sandy. Introduction to Digital Humanities. Blackboard, uploaded by Carson, 20 Oct. 2019, blackboard.ucla.edu/. PowerPoint presentation.

템플릿, 강사가 저자(실제 강좌 아님):

Author, First Name. Title of Lab Manual. Department Name, University Name, Year.

템플릿, 저자명 없음:

Title of Lab Manual. Department Name, University Name, Year.

본문, 저자명 없음:

(Shortened Title 12)

템플릿, Canvas에 게시(실제 강좌 URL 아님):

Author, First Name. Title of Lab Manual. Canvas, uploaded by Author, Day Mon. Year, canvas.school.edu/. PDF download.

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” Course pack for English 285: American Short Story Writers, compiled by Anne Smith, Spring 2015, Iowa State U.

Jackson, Shirley. “The Lottery.” “The Lottery” and Other Stories, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2005, pp. 291-302.

팩이 Beran and Lassiter를 재수록하면:

강사가 팩을 컨테이너로 인용하라고 하지 않는 한, 팩이 아니라 Wiley 매뉴얼을 인용하세요.

Note that a place of publication is no longer required in book citations (see CMOS 14.30).

Titles of unpublished manuscripts, like the titles of other unpublished works, appear in quotation marks. Include the words unpublished manuscript and the date of the version consulted, if known; for electronic files, a last-saved or last-modified date may be appropriate. End the citation with an indication of format. (14.114)

Unpublished manuscripts that are unavailable for others to consult may be mentioned in the text or in a note but are not usually included in a bibliography or reference list.

1. Charles Yu, Interior Chinatown (Pantheon Books, 2020), 45.

Binder, Amy J., and Jeffrey L. Kidder. The Channels of Student Activism: How the Left and Right Are Winning (and Losing) in Campus Politics Today. University of Chicago Press, 2022.

전체 주, 출판된 실험 매뉴얼:

1. J. A. Beran and Mark Lassiter, Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry, 11th ed. (Wiley, 2022).

단축 주:

2. Beran and Lassiter, Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry.

참고문헌:

Beran, J. A., and Mark Lassiter. Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry. 11th ed. Wiley, 2022.

author-date 참고문헌 목록:

Beran, J. A., and Mark Lassiter. 2022. Laboratory Manual for Principles of General Chemistry. 11th ed. Wiley.

author-date 본문:

(Beran and Lassiter 2022)

전체 주(실제 강좌 아님):

1. First Name Author, "Title of Lab Manual" (unpublished lab manual, Department Name, University Name, Year), 21.

단축 주:

2. Author, "Shortened Title," 23.

참고문헌, 독자가 파일을 구할 수 있을 때:

Author, First Name. "Title of Lab Manual." Unpublished lab manual, Department Name, University Name, Year.

author-date 참고문헌 목록:

Author, First Name. Year. "Title of Lab Manual." Unpublished lab manual, Department Name, University Name.

author-date 본문:

(Author Year, 21)

전체 주, 팩만을 위해 쓴 실험:

1. First Name Author, "Title of Experiment," in Title of Course Pack (unpublished course pack, Department Name, University Name, Year), 23.

APA 7 참고문헌:

Jones, A., Torkel, C., Stanley, D., Nasim, J., Borevitz, J., & Schwessinger, B. (2020). Scalable high-molecular weight DNA extraction for long-read sequencing. protocols.io. https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bnjhmcj6

APA 7 본문:

(Jones et al., 2020)

MLA 9 작품 인용:

Jones, Ashley, et al. "Scalable High-Molecular Weight DNA Extraction for Long-Read Sequencing." protocols.io, 19 Oct. 2020, https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bnjhmcj6.

MLA 9 본문:

(Jones et al.)

Chicago 18 주:

1. Ashley Jones et al., "Scalable High-Molecular Weight DNA Extraction for Long-Read Sequencing," protocols.io, October 19, 2020, https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bnjhmcj6.

Chicago 18 참고문헌:

Jones, Ashley, Cynthia Torkel, David Stanley, Jamila Nasim, Justin Borevitz, and Benjamin Schwessinger. "Scalable High-Molecular Weight DNA Extraction for Long-Read Sequencing." protocols.io, October 19, 2020. https://doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bnjhmcj6.

APA 7, 출판 매뉴얼과 프로토콜:

안전 단계는 Beran and Lassiter (2022, Laboratory Safety and Guidelines section)를 따랐다. 고분자량 DNA는 Jones et al. (2020)을 따라 추출했으며, 선택적 솔비톨 세척은 생략했다.

APA 7, 표시된 학과 템플릿:

시료는 강좌 매뉴얼의 Experiment 3에 따라 준비했다 (Author, Year).

MLA 9:

안전 단계는 Beran and Lassiter를 따랐다. 고분자량 DNA는 Jones et al.을 따라 추출했으며, 선택적 솔비톨 세척은 생략했다.

Chicago 18(주):

안전 단계는 출판된 실험 매뉴얼을 따랐고,¹ 고분자량 DNA는 Jones et al.을 따라 추출했으며, 선택적 솔비톨 세척은 생략했다.²

Chicago 18(author-date):

안전 단계는 Beran and Lassiter (2022)를 따랐다. 고분자량 DNA는 Jones et al. (2020)을 따라 추출했으며, 선택적 솔비톨 세척은 생략했다.