如何用 APA、MLA 和 Chicago 设置学术论文格式

APA 7 学生标题页（第 1 页，页码可见，无 running head）。标题与各栏是 APA Style 标题页设置页上的自有示例：

Impact of Gender on the Evaluation of Humor
in Romantic Relationships

Cecily J. Sinclair and Adam Gonzaga
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia
PSY 201: Introduction to Psychology
Dr. Rowan J. Estes
October 18, 2020

MLA 9 首页（除非作业要求或是小组论文，否则无标题页）。标题是 Style Center 的官方示例：

Surname 1
Your Name
Instructor Name
Course Number
17 August 2026

                    The Attitude toward Violence in A Clockwork Orange

    The first paragraph begins here, indented 0.5 inches.

Turabian 9 课堂标题页（计入页码，但不印刷号码；A.2.1.2 / CMOS Shop Talk）：

                    Title of the Paper:
                         Subtitle


                         First Name Last Name
              COURSE 101: Course Title
                      17 August 2026

APA does not set formal requirements for the nature or contents of an APA Style student paper. Students should follow the guidelines and requirements of their instructor, department, and/or institution when writing papers.

All authors should check with the person or entity to whom they are submitting their paper (e.g., publisher or instructor) for guidelines that are different from or in addition to those specified by APA Style.

来源：APA Style sample papers。

If your instructor has specific requirements for the format of your research paper, check them before preparing your final draft.

来源：MLA Style Center, "Formatting a Research Paper"。

Directions from your teacher, instructor, or dissertation office overrule these guidelines.

来源：Turabian Student Paper-Formatting Tip Sheets，遵循 Kate L. Turabian, A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations 第 9 版以及 CMOS 17。

We recommend these fonts because they are legible and widely available and because they include special characters such as math symbols and Greek letters.

• 无衬线：11 点 Calibri、11 点 Arial，或 10 点 Lucida Sans Unicode
• 衬线：12 点 Times New Roman、11 点 Georgia，或 10 点 Computer Modern（LaTeX 默认）
• 不要把 12 点 Arial 和 12 点 Calibri 混用。字号是推荐的一部分。
• 用字数而不是页数判断篇幅。不同字体占用的空间不同。

Always choose an easily readable typeface (Times New Roman is just one example) in which the regular type style contrasts clearly with the italic, and set it to a standard size, such as 12 points. Do not justify the lines of text at the right margin; turn off any automatic hyphenation feature in your writing program. Double-space the entire research paper, including quotations, notes, and the list of works cited.

Use a widely available, legible font, such as 12 pt. Times New Roman (as shown here) or Calibri, or 11 pt. Arial (some fonts will appear larger than others, even at the same point size).

A title page is required for all APA Style papers.

Impact of Gender on the Evaluation of Humor
in Romantic Relationships

Cecily J. Sinclair and Adam Gonzaga
Department of Psychology, University of Georgia
PSY 201: Introduction to Psychology
Dr. Rowan J. Estes
October 18, 2020

每一行都是 APA 标题页设置表格中的官方示例，经 University of Delaware 转载：幽默标题、Sinclair–Gonzaga 署名、Georgia 心理学、PSY 201、Dr. Rowan J. Estes，以及另一种可接受日期形式 18 October 2020。第 1 页属于标题页。学生论文没有 running head。

Student papers generally do not include an abstract unless requested.

来源：APA 论文格式 / 页面顺序说明（《Publication Manual》§2.17），经 University of Delaware 转载。样例论文页补充说，教师仍可能在较长论文中要求摘要和关键词。若被布置，把它单独放在标题页之后，首行齐左；写法见如何撰写摘要。

A research paper does not normally need a title page, but if the paper is a group project, create a title page and list all the authors on it instead of in the header on page 1 of your essay.

• Local Television Coverage of International News Events
• The Attitude toward Violence in A Clockwork Orange
• The Use of the Words Fair and Foul in Shakespeare's Macbeth
• Romanticism in England and the Scapigliatura in Italy

Surname 1
Your Name
Instructor Name
Course Number
17 August 2026

                    The Attitude toward Violence in A Clockwork Orange

    The first paragraph begins here, indented 0.5 inches, in the
same readable font and double spacing as the heading.

这四个标题是 MLA Style Center 讲义中的官方示例。如果教师要求单独标题页，按作业执行。MLA 9 还说，若若干姓氏无法放进小组论文的 running head，就只用页码。若想在粘贴进 Word 之前预览 APA 或 MLA，可用标题页生成器搭建这个块。

Class papers should begin with a title page (but some put the title on the first page of the text; consult your instructor).

Don't put a page number on the title page, but do count the title page in the page numbering.

                    Title of the Paper:
                         Subtitle


                         First Name Last Name
              COURSE 101: Course Title
                      17 August 2026

这一页不印页码。若论文没有罗马数字前置页，下一页是第 2 页。在学位论文中，这一页计为第 i 页，院系的标题页样张优先于 Turabian 的图示。注释背后的引用体系选择见 Turabian 与 Chicago。

Inner speech is a paradoxical phenomenon. It is an experience that is central to many people's everyday lives, and yet it presents considerable challenges to any effort to study it scientifically. Nevertheless, a wide range of methodologies and approaches have combined to shed light on the subjective experience of inner speech and its cognitive and neural underpinnings. (Alderson-Day & Fernyhough, 2015, p. 957)

引自 APA Style 的引文页，该页转载《Publication Manual》§8.27 示例（大学转载：Augusta、Olds College）。原文是 Alderson-Day and Fernyhough, "Inner Speech: Development, Cognitive Functions, Phenomenology, and Neurobiology," Psychological Bulletin, 2015。在论文中，整块缩进 0.5 英寸，并与周围文字同为两倍行距。闭括号后不要再加句号。

Quotations of five or more lines should be indented as a block. Single space block quotations, and apply a left indent of half an inch. Leave a blank line before and after the block (but at least two blank lines before a subhead).

By the mid-1990s, all of the concrete items on the DPP's reform agenda had been achieved, and the party was forced to find new issues to attract members and voters. . . . The KMT has tended to co-opt DPP issue positions that prove popular with voters, including domestic policy proposals such as national health care and foreign policy initiatives such as the U[nited] N[ations] bid. (Rigger 2001, 151; emphasis added)

来源：Chicago-Style Paper Formats: Main Text（Turabian 提示单）。该块引用 Shelley Rigger, From Opposition to Power: Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party（Lynne Rienner, 2001）。圆括号引用位于块的最后句号之后。

• □ 指定样式与投稿对象一致：APA 7 student、MLA 9 或 Turabian 9——不要混用，也不要用 APA 6。
• □ 与手册冲突的教师或学位论文办公室指示已被有意遵循。
• □ 纸张为 8.5 × 11 in.，1 英寸页边距，左对齐、右缘不对齐。
• □ 全文使用一种获准字体和字号。APA 使用官方的字号–字族配对，而不是“12 点 Arial”。Word 的 Aptos 默认仅可作为文字处理软件默认值被接受，不是具名的 APA 配对。
• □ 整份学生论文为两倍行距，Turabian 注释、长引文块和书目条目除外。
• □ 正文段落之间没有额外空行。首行缩进为 0.5 in.。
• □ APA 标题页是第 1 页，加粗标题下移 3–4 行，无学生 running head。
• □ MLA 有四行标题块和普通居中标题，没有单独标题页（除非被布置或是小组项目）。
• □ Turabian 标题页不印刷页码，但计入页码。
• □ 页码是自动的，不是手打的。
• □ 长引文块使用该样式正确的阈值和正确的行距。
• □ 文献列表标题、悬挂缩进和条目行距符合样式。
• □ 标题、表格和任何摘要已在各自指南中核对。
• □ 上传的文件打开后，页眉和分页与你检查过的一致。