MLA第9版で書籍を引用する方法

Works Cited、著者1名：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、著者2名：

著者の姓, 名, and 名 姓. 書籍のタイトル. 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、著者3名以上：

著者の姓, 名, et al. 書籍のタイトル. 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、書籍全体の編者：

編者の姓, 名, editor. 書籍のタイトル. 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、翻訳：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. Translated by 名 姓, 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、番号付きの版：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. #th ed., 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、端末で読む電子書籍：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. #th ed., e-book ed., 出版社, 年.

Works Cited、データベース内の書籍：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. 出版社, 年. データベースのタイトル, DOI または URL.

Works Cited、オーディオブック：

著者の姓, 名. 書籍のタイトル. Narrated by 名 姓, 出版社, 年. Audiobook.

括弧内引用：

(著者 ページ)

文中での言及：

著者の姓は . . . と述べている (ページ).

To create a basic works-cited-list entry for a book, list the author, the title, the publisher, and the publication date.

When the source being documented forms part of a larger whole, the larger whole can be thought of as a container that holds the source. For example, a short story may be contained in an anthology. The short story is the source, and the anthology is the container.

Works Cited：

Mantel, Hilary. Wolf Hall. Picador, 2010.

括弧内引用（テンプレート）：

(Mantel ページ)

文中での言及（テンプレート）：

Mantel は . . . と述べている (ページ).

Works Cited：

Dorris, Michael, and Louise Erdrich. The Crown of Columbus. HarperCollins Publishers, 1999.

括弧内引用（テンプレート）：

(Dorris and Erdrich ページ)

文中での言及（テンプレート）：

Dorris and Erdrich は . . . と述べている (ページ).

In parenthetical citations and works-cited-list entries, the abbreviation should be set roman, as shown in the MLA Handbook (116, 22):

Works Cited：

Burdick, Anne, et al. Digital_Humanities. MIT P, 2012.

括弧内引用：

(Burdick et al. 42)

When a work is published without an author's name, begin the works-cited-list entry with the title of the work. Do not use Anonymous in place of an author's name:

Works Cited：

Beowulf. Translated by Alan Sullivan and Timothy Murphy, edited by Sarah Anderson, Pearson, 2004.

括弧内引用（テンプレート）：

(Beowulf ページ)

Works Cited、著者がいま判明している場合（Style Center）：

[Luard, Kate]. Diary of a Nursing Sister on the Western Front, 1914-1915. Blackwood, 1915.

Works Cited：

Sánchez Prado, Ignacio M., editor. Mexican Literature in Theory. Bloomsbury, 2018.

括弧内引用（テンプレート）：

(Sánchez Prado ページ)

Works Cited：

Zola, Émile. Germinal. Translated by Roger Pearson, Penguin Books, 2004.

Style Center の本文中引用、翻訳者の番号付き注：

Zola's translator explains that the name of the town Le Voreux "suggests the 'voracious' nature of the mine" (533n2).

注が主題であるときの Works Cited：

Pearson, Roger, translator. Germinal, by Émile Zola, Penguin Books, 2004.

Works Cited、タイトルのあとに初出年：

Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. 1959. Penguin Books, 2017.

Works Cited、末尾に初出の出版社：

Achebe, Chinua. Things Fall Apart. Penguin Books, 2017. Originally published by McDowell Obolensky, 1959.

Works Cited：

Brontë, Charlotte. Jane Eyre. Edited by Richard J. Dunn, Norton Critical Edition, 3rd ed., W. W. Norton, 2001.

括弧内引用（テンプレート）：

(Brontë ページ)

Use the Version element to specify that the work you are citing is an e-book—that is, a book that lacks a URL and that you use software to read on a personal device or computer.

When citing an e-book in your text, avoid using device-specific numbering systems.

Works Cited、現行 Handbook を電子書籍として：

MLA Handbook. 9th ed., e-book ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2021.

Works Cited、ファイル形式を補足要素として：

MLA Handbook. 8th ed., e-book ed., Modern Language Association of America, 2016. EPUB.

Generally, if you've consulted the digital edition of a work, that is the edition you should include in your works-cited list.

It is not necessary to track down the page numbers for the print edition if you consulted the digital or open access edition, nor should you include both the print and digital editions of the same book in your works-cited list, unless you consulted both.

If you are citing a chapter of a book from a novel or monograph, create an entry for the book as a whole and list the book's URL or DOI in the "Location" slot, since in MLA style, chapters from these types of works are not cited individually:

Works Cited、ACLS Humanities E-Book の書籍：

Gikandi, Simon. Ngugi wa Thiong'o. Cambridge UP, 2000. ACLS Humanities E-book, hdl.handle.net/2027/heb.07588.0001.001.

Works Cited、DOI付きのモノグラフ：

Gerrard, Christine. Aaron Hill: The Muses' Projector, 1685-1750. Oxford UP, Jan. 2010. Oxford Scholarship Online, https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198183884.001.0001.

Create a works-cited-list entry only for the book.

Works Cited：

Enjoe, Toh. Self-Reference Engine. Translated by Terry Gallagher, Haikasoru, 2013.

Style Center の本文中引用、章を散文で名指し：

In the chapter "Bobby Socks," Toh Enjoe writes, "A child's sock is not necessarily a sock child" (122).

Authors of introductions, prefaces, afterwords, and the like—collectively called front and back matter—are not usually essential to identifying a work and can be omitted from works-cited-list entries.

Works Cited、序文は有用なときだけ名指し：

Gogol, Nikolai. Dead Souls: A Novel. Translated by Richard Pevear and Larissa Volkhonsky, introduction by Pevear, Vintage Books, 1996.

Works Cited、序文が資料である場合：

Knox, Bernard. Introduction to Antigone. The Three Theban Plays, by Sophocles, translated by Robert Fagles, Penguin Books, 2000, pp. 33-54.

その序文に対する Style Center の本文中引用：

In his introduction to Antigone, Bernard Knox remarks that to Victorian readers, "the subject matter of the play seemed academic" (35).

To cite an audiobook, include the book's author and title along with the publication details for the audiobook version.

Works Cited：

Atwood, Margaret. The Handmaid's Tale. Narrated by Claire Danes et al., Audible, 2017. Audiobook.

括弧内引用、タイムスタンプ：

(Atwood 01:47:12-29)

Works Cited、ストリーミングした短縮録音：

Heaney, Seamus, translator. Beowulf. Narrated by Heaney, audiobook, abridged edition, HighBridge Audio, 2006. Audible.com, www.audible.com/pd/Classics/Beowulf-Audiobook/B002V5CVPY/.

Commentary published in its own volume can be cited as a work in itself.

Works Cited、翻訳巻：

Dante. Inferno 1: Text. Translated by Charles S. Singleton, Princeton UP, 1990. Vol. 1 of The Divine Comedy.

Works Cited、評注巻：

Singleton, Charles S. Inferno 2: Commentary. Princeton UP, 1990. Vol. 2 of The Divine Comedy.

An element should be omitted from the entry if it's not relevant to the work being documented.

Works Cited、著者が出版社：

Hocking, Amanda. Fate. 2010.

Works Cited、出版社不明：

Cummings, E. E. The Enormous Room. 2017.

Works Cited、団体が著者かつ出版社：

Reading at Risk: A Survey of Literary Reading in America. National Endowment for the Arts, June 2004.

Add a space on either side of the slash when one or more of the publishers' names consists of more than one word.

Works Cited、1語の共同出版社：

Ortiz Wallner, Alexandra. El arte de ficcionar: La novela contemporánea en Centroamérica. Iberoamericana/Vervuert, 2012.

In-text citations are brief, unobtrusive references that direct readers to the works-cited-list entries for the sources you consulted and, where relevant, to the location in the source being cited.

An in-text citation begins with the shortest piece of information that directs your reader to the entry in the works-cited list.

All in-text references should be concise. Avoid, for instance, providing the author's name or title of a work in both your prose and parentheses.

文中での言及、続けてページのみ：

According to Naomi Baron, reading is "just half of literacy. The other half is writing" (194).

氏名とページの括弧内引用：

Reading is "just half of literacy. The other half is writing" (Baron 194).

著者3名以上：

(Burdick et al. 42)