PowerPointやGoogleスライドのプレゼンテーションで出典を引用する方法

APA 7、スライド上:

言い換えた論点 (Author, Year). "引用した語" (Author, Year, p. X).

APA 7、画像直下のクレジット:

Note. From Title of Image [Photograph], by A. Author, Year, Site Name (https://xxxxx). CC BY 4.0.

APA 7、最終スライド:

References — 論文末尾と同じ、アルファベット順の項目

MLA 9、スライド上:

言い換えた論点 (Author X). "引用した語" (Author X).

MLA 9、画像キャプション:

Fig. 1. First Name Author, Title of Image, Year, Site Name, URL.

MLA 9、最終スライド:

Works Cited — アルファベット順、論文と同じ形式

Chicago 18、スライド上（注）:

引用または言い換えた論点.¹ — スライド下部に 1. Author, Title (Publisher, Year), X. を置く

Chicago 18、スライド上（author-date）:

言い換えた論点 (Author Year, X).

Chicago 18、最終スライド:

Bibliography または References — アルファベット順、論文と同じ形式

Writers creating PowerPoint presentations in APA Style should present information clearly and concisely. Many APA Style guidelines can be applied to presentations (e.g., the guidance for crediting sources, using bias-free language, and writing clearly and concisely).

However, decisions about font size, amount of text on a slide, color scheme, use of animations, and so on are up to writers; these details are not specified as part of APA Style.

箇条書きでの言い換え（Niepel et al.、Common Reference Examples）:

• 状態としての学業自己概念は、学生の特性的な期待と価値によって変わる (Niepel et al., 2025)

公式§8.28、タイムスタンプ付きの引用:

People make "sweeping inferences and judgments from body language" (Cuddy, 2012, 2:12).

スライド見出しでの叙述引用:

Levenson et al. (2025): 感情焦点化カップル療法における意図的練習

二つ以上の著作、公式§8.12の順序:

(Adams et al., 2019; Shumway & Shulman, 2015; Westinghouse, 2017)

Above The Noise. (2017, October 18). Can procrastination be a good thing? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQMwmBNNOnQ

Denali National Park and Preserve. (2013). Lava [Photograph]. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/8639280606/

Levenson, H., Jinich, S., Vaz, A., & Rousmaniere, T. (2025). Deliberate practice in emotionally focused couple therapy. American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0000436-000

Niepel, C., Hausen, J. E., Weber, A. M., & Möller, J. (2025). Understanding mean-level and intraindividual variability in state academic self-concept: The role of students’ trait expectancies and values. Journal of Educational Psychology, 117(5), 772–788. https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000946

The guidelines also apply to both students and professionals and to both papers and PowerPoint presentations.

In a presentation, the figure number and title are optional but the note containing the copyright attribution is required.

If the license associated with clip art or a stock image states “no attribution required,” then do not provide an APA Style reference, in-text citation, or copyright attribution.

Although for most images you must look at the license on a case-by-case basis, images and clip art from programs such as Microsoft Word and Microsoft PowerPoint can be used without attribution.

画像直下の著作権注:

Note. From Lava [Photograph], by Denali National Park and Preserve, 2013, Flickr (https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/8639280606/). CC BY 2.0.

対応する参考文献項目:

Denali National Park and Preserve. (2013). Lava [Photograph]. Flickr. https://www.flickr.com/photos/denalinps/8639280606/

画像に言及するが再掲しないときの括弧内引用:

(Denali National Park and Preserve, 2013)

テンプレート、論文から複製したグラフ（公式の注ではない）:

Note. Adapted from "Title of Article," by I. I. Surname and I. I. Surname, Year, Journal Title, Volume(Issue), p. X (https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxxx). Copyright Year by Copyright Holder.

テンプレート、公刊データから自分が作ったグラフ:

Note. Data from Niepel et al. (2025, Table 1).

公式YouTube参考文献（Common Reference Examples）:

Above The Noise. (2017, October 18). Can procrastination be a good thing? [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FQMwmBNNOnQ

スライド上のクリップ、公式§8.28の所在表示:

(Cuddy, 2012, 2:12)

Cite an image used in a PowerPoint presentation or web project the same way you would cite it in a printed paper.

As the post explains, if the image is merely illustrative, provide full publication details in a caption. But if you refer to the source of the image elsewhere, the caption should provide only enough detail needed to key to a works-cited-list entry.

The list of works cited may be included as the final slide or as the last page of the web project.

括弧内引用（Style Center）:

At least one researcher has broken new ground on the subject (Baron).

公式、ページ付きの引用:

According to Naomi Baron, reading is "just half of literacy. The other half is writing" (194).

著者とページを一緒に:

Reading is "just half of literacy. The other half is writing" (Baron 194).

対応するWorks Cited項目:

Baron, Naomi S. “Redefining Reading: The Impact of Digital Communication Media.” PMLA, vol. 128, no. 1, Jan. 2013, pp. 193–200.

スライド番号の所在表示（Style Center、citing_slides、2018年3月2日）:

Thomas Hart Benton’s panel Instruments of Power is part a larger mural (slide 1).

公式キャプション（Style Center / Handbook）:

Fig. 1. Mary Cassatt, Mother and Child, Wichita Art Museum.

ウェブのスライドショーからの画像（citing_slides、2018年3月2日）:

Benton, Thomas Hart. Instruments of Power. 1930–31. The Met, Metropolitan Museum of Art, www.metmuseum.org/blogs/now-at-the-met/from-the-director/2012/benton/slideshow. Slide 1.

発表者が作った画像、出席した講義:

Smith, Ryan. “Goals of the Course.” English 204: African American Literature, 4 Apr. 2016, Evergreen State College, Olympia. Slide 2.

発表者が作っていない画像:

Monet, Claude. Bridge over a Pond of Water Lilies. 1899. Introduction to the History of Art, taught by Jane Ford, 4 Apr. 2016, Bates College, Lewiston. Slide 2.

スライド番号に鍵付けした公式の引用:

Smith indicates that one of the goals of the course is to “understand African American literature in all its variety” (slide 2).

Baron, Naomi S. “Redefining Reading: The Impact of Digital Communication Media.” PMLA, vol. 128, no. 1, Jan. 2013, pp. 193–200.

Carson, Sandy. Introduction to Digital Humanities. Blackboard, uploaded by Carson, 20 Oct. 2019, blackboard.ucla.edu/. PowerPoint presentation.

Benton, Thomas Hart. Instruments of Power. 1930–31. The Met, Metropolitan Museum of Art, www.metmuseum.org/blogs/now-at-the-met/from-the-director/2012/benton/slideshow. Slide 1.

Note that a place of publication is no longer required in book citations (see CMOS 14.30).

スライド下部の完全な注:

1. Charles Yu, Interior Chinatown (Pantheon Books, 2020), 45.

二つ目の完全な注、同じ資料:

2. Amy J. Binder and Jeffrey L. Kidder, The Channels of Student Activism: How the Left and Right Are Winning (and Losing) in Campus Politics Today (University of Chicago Press, 2022), 117–18.

後のスライドの短縮注:

3. Yu, Interior Chinatown, 48.

4. Binder and Kidder, Channels of Student Activism, 125.

DOI付きの雑誌注:

1. Hyeyoung Kwon, “Inclusion Work: Children of Immigrants Claiming Membership in Everyday Life,” American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 6 (2022): 1842–43, https://doi.org/10.1086/720277.

スライド上のauthor-dateの代替:

(Yu 2020, 45)

(Binder and Kidder 2022, 117–18)

テンプレート、画像クレジット行（公式CMOS文字列ではない）:

Creator Name, Title of Work, Year, medium, Site or Museum, licence or permission.

テンプレート、グラフの出典行:

Source: Data from Kwon, “Inclusion Work,” table 1.

公式TED注（CMOS Quick Guide）:

1. Vaitea Cowan, "How Green Hydrogen Could End the Fossil Fuel Era," TED Talk, Vancouver, BC, April 2022, 9 min., 15 sec., https://www.ted.com/talks/vaitea_cowan_how_green_hydrogen_could_end_the_fossil_fuel_era.

タイムスタンプ付きの公式短縮注:

Cowan, "Green Hydrogen," at 6:09–17.

公式YouTube講義注:

2. Eric Oliver, "Why So Many Americans Believe in So Many ‘Crazy’ Things," moderated by Andrew McCall, virtual lecture, February 23, 2022, posted March 21, 2022, by University of Chicago, YouTube, 1:01:45, https://youtu.be/hfq7AnCF5bg.

同じTEDクリップのauthor-date所在表示:

(Cowan 2022, at 6:09–17)

Binder, Amy J., and Jeffrey L. Kidder. The Channels of Student Activism: How the Left and Right Are Winning (and Losing) in Campus Politics Today. University of Chicago Press, 2022.

Cowan, Vaitea. "How Green Hydrogen Could End the Fossil Fuel Era." TED Talk, Vancouver, BC, April 2022. Video, 9 min., 15 sec. https://www.ted.com/talks/vaitea_cowan_how_green_hydrogen_could_end_the_fossil_fuel_era.

Kwon, Hyeyoung. “Inclusion Work: Children of Immigrants Claiming Membership in Everyday Life.” American Journal of Sociology 127, no. 6 (2022): 1818–59. https://doi.org/10.1086/720277.

Yu, Charles. Interior Chinatown. Pantheon Books, 2020.

APA 7、教室のPowerPoint（Common Reference Examples §10.14）:

Mack, R., & Spake, G. (2018). Citing open source images and formatting references for presentations [PowerPoint slides]. Canvas@FNU. https://fnu.onelogin.com/login

APA 7、公開PowerPoint（Alamo / Style Center）:

Jones, J. (2016, March 23). Guided reading: Making the most of it [PowerPoint slides]. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/hellojenjones/guided-reading-making-the-most-of-it

APA 7、学会セッション（Common Reference Examples §10.5）:

Davidson, R. J. (2019, August 8–11). Well-being is a skill [Conference session]. APA 2019 Convention, Chicago, IL, United States. https://irp-cdn.multiscreensite.com/a5ea5d51/files/uploaded/APA2019_Program_190708.pdf

APA 7の括弧内引用:

(Mack & Spake, 2018)

(Jones, 2016)

MLA 9、LMSのPowerPoint（Style Center、2020年9月15日）:

Carson, Sandy. Introduction to Digital Humanities. Blackboard, uploaded by Carson, 20 Oct. 2019, blackboard.ucla.edu/. PowerPoint presentation.

APAのpersonal communications例外（Creating an APA Style reference list、2022年2月23日）:

An exception is personal communications, which are cited in the text of your paper but are not included in the reference list (see Section 8.9 in the seventh edition Publication Manual).