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How to Present Data in Academic Papers

Present data so a reader can check the claim: put two or three numbers in a sentence, exact values in a table, and a pattern in a figure — then name every display in the text before it appears. The APA Style tables and figures pages (Publication Manual Chapter 7) and the January 2026 ICMJE Recommendations both treat the display as part of the results, not decoration. This page is that how-to. It is not how to write a methodology section (how you collected the data, and which CONSORT or PRISMA checklist applies), not how to format academic papers (margins, fonts, heading levels), and not how to cite a reproduced figure or table (the credit line when the object is not yours).

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Quick Answer: How to Present Data in Academic Papers

Pick one vehicle per finding. ICMJE says to give the most important findings first in the text, tables, and figures, and not to repeat every cell in prose. APA 7 numbers tables and figures in separate sequences, puts a bold number and an italic title above both, and forbids vertical table borders. MLA 9 puts the table label and title above the grid and the figure caption below the image. CMOS 18 Chapter 3 puts the table title above and the figure caption usually below, with a source note when the data are not yours. A randomised-trial flow diagram is now CONSORT 2025, not CONSORT 2010; a systematic-review flow diagram is PRISMA 2020, not PRISMA 2009.

Starting templates (adapt these; do not invent a sample)

In-text callout:

Table 1 reports [what the columns compare]. The largest difference is [name the contrast], N = [sample].

APA 7 table stack:

Table 1 Short Title in Title Case [grid: no vertical rules] Note. [Define abbreviations. Name the source if the data are not yours.]

APA 7 figure stack:

Figure 1 Short Title in Title Case [image] Note. [What the axes or symbols mean. Copyright or adaptation line if needed.]

MLA 9 figure caption:

Fig. 1. [Creator], Title of work, [location or container].

CMOS source note:

Source: Data from [shortened note for the work], [page], table [n].

Cite the instrument, dataset, or published table you actually used. The CitationEasy generator can format that record later. Use how to use DOIs when the source has one, and how to cite a dataset in APA when the display is built from a deposited file rather than a journal table.

What Counts as a Table or a Figure

APA Style's Chapter 7 pages draw a hard line: a table is columns and rows; everything else that is not a table is a figure. Do not call a bar chart a table, and do not call a correlation matrix a figure. The official definitions are the ones to keep.

APA Style, “Tables and Figures”

Tables and figures enable writers to present a large amount of information efficiently and to make their data more comprehensible.
A table usually shows numerical values (e.g., means and standard deviations) and/or textual information (e.g., lists of stimulus words, responses from participants) arranged in columns and rows.
A figure may be a chart, graph, photograph, drawing, plot, infographic, or any other illustration that is not a table.

Those three sentences are why a screenshot of a spreadsheet is usually the wrong object: it is a figure of a table, with the grid's labels too small to read once the journal shrinks the file. Build a real table in the word processor — APA's table setup page, as reprinted by Alamo Colleges (last updated 29 May 2026), tells you to use the tables feature, not the tab key — or export a real chart, and give it the Chapter 7 stack.

The Official Rule Against Repeating Yourself

The January 2026 ICMJE Recommendations are the medical-journal version of the same job. They apply whenever you are writing Results for an IMRaD paper. APA's Numbers and Statistics Guide (last updated 11 September 2024; Publication Manual §§6.32–6.45) states the psychology version in one line: do not repeat the same statistic in the text and a table or figure.

ICMJE, “Preparing a Manuscript for Submission,” Results

Present your results in logical sequence in the text, tables, and figures, giving the main or most important findings first. Do not repeat all the data in the tables or figures in the text; emphasize or summarize only the most important observations.
Give numeric results not only as derivatives (for example, percentages) but also as the absolute numbers from which the derivatives were calculated.
Use graphs as an alternative to tables with many entries; do not duplicate data in graphs and tables.

The percentage-plus-count rule is the one student papers skip. "67% agreed" is not enough; ICMJE wants the count the percentage came from. "67% (134 of 200)" is the form. The graph-or-table rule is the other common failure: a bar chart of the same six cells you already printed as Table 2 wastes a page and asks the reviewer which object is canonical.

Text, Table, or Figure

Choose the vehicle before you open a chart tool. Two or three numbers belong in a sentence. A reader who needs exact values to check a claim needs a table. A reader who needs a trend, a distribution, or a spatial relationship needs a figure. A CONSORT 2025 flow diagram, a PRISMA 2020 map of records, a blot, or a photograph is always a figure — never a table with pictures in the cells.

Which vehicle carries which job
VehicleUse it whenDo not use it when
SentenceOne mean and SD, a single percentage with its count, or a one-line comparisonYou would need more than about three numbers to finish the thought
TableExact values, many groups, a correlation matrix, or reference data a reader might reuseThe only point is the shape of a trend you can see in a graph
FigureA trend, a distribution, a path model, a map, a CONSORT or PRISMA flow, or an image that is evidenceThe reader must recover every cell to audit the result

Which figure type

  • Bar chart: categories or groups. Start the value axis at zero. APA and most journals treat a truncated bar axis as a distortion, not a design choice.
  • Line graph: change over a continuous predictor, usually time. Mark the actual observations if the series is short.
  • Scatterplot: two continuous variables. A trend line is optional; do not add one unless you fitted it.
  • Histogram or density: the shape of one continuous variable. Say how the bins were chosen.
  • Box plot: distributions across groups, including outliers. Define the whiskers in the note (Note. Whiskers show 1.5 × IQR).
  • Pie chart: almost never. APA and ICMJE both prefer a table or a bar chart once there are more than a few slices.
  • Flow diagram: enrollment and attrition, or records screened. Use the current CONSORT 2025 or PRISMA 2020 template rather than inventing boxes.

CONSORT 2025 and PRISMA 2020 Flow Diagrams

The methodology guide is where the checklists live. This page is the figure those checklists require. Hopewell and colleagues published the CONSORT 2025 statement in BMJ, JAMA, The Lancet, Nature Medicine, and PLOS Medicine on 14 April 2025 (doi:10.1136/bmj-2024-081123). It is a 30-item checklist plus a two-group flow diagram. Page and colleagues published PRISMA 2020 in BMJ (2021;372:n71). Both statements tell you not to keep using the previous edition's diagram.

CONSORT 2025 statement (Hopewell et al., BMJ 2025;389:e081123)

The CONSORT 2025 statement supersedes the CONSORT 2010 statement, which should no longer be used.
The CONSORT 2025 statement consists of a 30-item checklist of essential items that should be included when reporting the results of a randomised trial and a diagram for documenting the flow of participants through the trial.

Official CONSORT 2025 Fig 1 caption (BMJ)

CONSORT 2025 flow diagram. Flow diagram of the progress through the phases of a randomised trial of two groups (ie, enrolment, intervention allocation, follow-up, and data analysis). CONSORT=Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials

PRISMA 2020 statement / flow-diagram page

The PRISMA 2020 statement (including the checklists, explanation and elaboration, and flow diagram) replaces the PRISMA 2009 statement, which should no longer be used.
The flow diagram depicts the flow of information through the different phases of a systematic review. It maps out the number of records identified, included and excluded, and the reasons for exclusions.

Fill the official template with your counts. Do not invent enrollment numbers to make the boxes look finished. In APA 7 the finished diagram is Figure n, with the bold number and italic title above the image. In a medical journal the same object is usually Figure 1 and the CONSORT or PRISMA wording sits in the legend. A protocol uses SPIRIT 2025 and its schedule figure, not a completed-trial CONSORT flow — that split is how to write a methodology section.

Results Report; Discussion Interprets

The USC Libraries writing guide is the classroom version of ICMJE's Results section. The display lives here. Causal language, "this means that," and policy recommendations belong in Discussion unless your journal combines the two sections.

USC Libraries, “The Results”

The results section is where you report the findings of your study based on the methodology [or methodologies] you applied to gather information required to examine the research problem. The results section arrange and describe the findings in a logical sequence without bias or interpretation.
Always use the past tense when referring to your study's findings.

USC's first sentence has a subject-verb slip in the published guide ("arrange"). Keep the wording; the rule is still the one to follow. A strong callout names the contrast and points at the display. "See Table 1" is a caption, not a sentence. "As shown in Table 1, the intervention group had a higher mean score than the control group" is a result. Why that happened is Discussion.

APA 7 Tables: Publication Manual §§7.8–7.21

The official setup is on APA's table setup page. Alamo Colleges reprints that page in full (29 May 2026). Number tables in the order you first mention them. Put Table 1 in bold on its own line, then the title one double-spaced line below in italic title case. Notes go underneath, not in the heading row.

APA Style / Alamo reprint, “Table setup”

The table number (e.g., Table 1) appears above the table title and body in bold font. Number tables in the order in which they are mentioned in your paper.
The table title appears one double-spaced line below the table number. Give each table a brief but descriptive title, and capitalize the table title in italic title case.
Limit the use of borders or lines in a table to those needed for clarity. In general, use a border at the top and bottom of the table, beneath column headings (including decked heads), and above column spanners.
Do not use vertical borders to separate data, and do not use borders around every cell in a table.
There are two options for the placement of tables (and figures) in a paper. The first is to embed tables in the text after each is first mentioned (or “called out”); the second is to place each table on a separate page after the reference list.

Student papers almost always embed the table after the first callout. Professional manuscripts follow the journal. Either way, mention the table in the text before the reader hits it. A table that appears with no callout is an appendix that wandered into Results. If the table is short enough to share a page with prose, Alamo's reprint of APA puts it at the top or bottom of the page, not in the middle of a paragraph, with one blank double-spaced line above and below.

The three APA notes

  • General note: starts with Note. Explains the table as a whole — abbreviations, the sample, a copyright or adaptation line.
  • Specific note: superscript letters (a, b) tied to one cell or column. MLA uses lowercase letters for the same job so table notes do not collide with footnotes.
  • Probability note: asterisks for p values (*p < .05. **p < .01. ***p < .001.). APA 7 prefers exact p values in the cells when you have them; keep asterisks only if the journal still wants them.

APA 7 table skeleton (template, not a study)

Table 1
Descriptive Statistics for Study Variables

Variable          n     M      SD
Measure 1        [n]   [M]    [SD]
Measure 2        [n]   [M]    [SD]

Note. N = [total]. M = mean; SD = standard deviation.

Fill the brackets from your output. Do not copy a demo correlation matrix from a blog. If you only have two means, write them in a sentence and skip the table.

APA 7 Figures: Publication Manual §§7.22–7.36

APA 7 changed the figure stack. Sixth-edition papers put a caption below the image. Seventh-edition papers use the same stack as a table: bold number and italic title above, optional Note. below. The official figure setup page is the source; university reprints (UUM; Fleming College) carry the same two sentences. If your template still parks "Figure 1. Something." under the chart, it is a year-2009 leftover.

APA Style, “Figure setup”

The figure number (e.g., Figure 1) appears above the figure title and image in bold font. Number figures in the order in which they are mentioned in your paper.
The figure title appears one double-spaced line below the figure number. Give each figure a brief but descriptive title, and capitalize the figure title in italic title case.
  • The legend (key) sits inside the image, not in the title.
  • Axis labels include units (ms, mm Hg, score on the [named] scale).
  • Use a colorblind-safe palette. APA's accessible use of color in figures page is the official companion; design the figure so it still reads in grayscale.
  • In the text, write "Figure 1," not "fig. 1" and not Figure 1.

Photographs, blots, and clinical images are figures. ICMJE wants an internal scale marker on a photomicrograph and the stain named in the legend. Identifiable patients need written consent. A journal may ask you to deposit the original blot file.

MLA 9: Tables Above, Figures Below

MLA is the opposite of APA on figure placement, and that is the whole difference students miss. The MLA Style Center figure-caption page (28 June 2017) and the Center's Formatting a Research Paper classroom reprint keep table labels above the grid and figure captions below the image. Musical examples are a third object, labeled Example or Ex.

MLA Style Center / Formatting a Research Paper

Place tables and illustrations as close as possible to the parts of the text to which they relate. A table is usually labeled Table, given an arabic numeral, and titled. Type both label and title flush left on separate lines above the table, and capitalize them as titles (do not use all capital letters).
Give the source of the table and any notes immediately below the table in a caption. To avoid confusion between notes to the text and notes to the table, designate notes to the table with lowercase letters rather than with numerals.
If the caption of a table or illustration provides complete information about the source and the source is not cited in the text, no entry for the source in the works-cited list is necessary.

The Style Center's own figure-caption example is a real painting, not an invented chart. Keep the official string; it is also the model for any photograph, map, or still. The musical-example string is the classroom reprint's official Ex. 1.

MLA Style Center, “How should I format captions for figures?”

Fig. 1. Mary Cassatt, Mother and Child, Wichita Art Museum.
Ex. 1. Pyotr Ilich Tchaikovsky, Symphony no. 6 in B, opus 74 (Pathétique), finale.

If you made the table yourself, the Style Center's 21 September 2018 note still holds. Provide Fig. n and a description for a figure you drew; do not invent a museum credit for your own bar chart. If you used someone else's numbers, put the source under the table even when you built the grid.

MLA Style Center, “How do I indicate that I prepared the table included in my paper?”

Unless otherwise indicated, the reader should assume that you are the author of the tables in your paper. Provide the source of a table’s data directly below the table.

Chicago 18: Chapter 3, Titles, Captions, Source Notes

CMOS 18 keeps illustrations and tables in Chapter 3. University restatements that cite the current edition (CSUSB; La Trobe; Auckland) put the table title above the array because notes and source lines sit underneath, and they put a figure caption outside the image — usually below. Number tables and figures in separate sequences. Refer to them by number ("Table 1 shows," "Figure 2"), not "the table below."

CMOS 18, What’s New in Chapter 3

3.28. New guidance on writing alt text for images.
3.29. New guidance on ensuring accessibility for math.
3.38. New guidance on citing AI-generated images.

Those three new sections are the 18th-edition reason to reopen an old Chicago figure file. If the image came from a generator, CMOS now wants that fact in the credit line — the same honesty how to cite AI asks for in the reference list. If the figure will be read online, write alt text that names the trend, not "Graph of results." CSUSB, citing CMOS 18 §3.21, is the classroom model for the period after the illustration number.

CSUSB Library, citing CMOS 18 §3.21

Figure 3. Life of Chinese Emperors, Qing period
  • Table title above; source note under the grid, introduced by Source: or Data from.
  • Figure caption in sentence case. CSUSB puts a period after the illustration number, then the caption.
  • Credit a reproduced table as Reproduced from and a table you built from someone else's numbers as Data from. La Trobe and Auckland both teach that split for CMOS 18.
  • Turabian 9 is the student manual for the same chapter. If your instructor says Turabian, follow that book's table and figure examples rather than a journal's house style.

ICMJE Tables, Units, and Stratified Results

Medical and nursing papers follow journal instructions first, then ICMJE. The January 2026 Recommendations add three display rules students miss even when they already know APA's stack: table titles must work without the surrounding paragraph, results should be split by age and sex unless you explain why not, and measurements have default units.

ICMJE, “Tables” and “Units of Measurement”

Titles in tables should be short but self-explanatory, containing information that allows readers to understand the table's content without having to go back to the text.
Separate reporting of data by demographic variables, such as age and sex, facilitate pooling of data for subgroups across studies and should be routine, unless there are compelling reasons not to stratify reporting, which should be explained.
Measurements of length, height, weight, and volume should be reported in metric units (meter, kilogram, or liter) or their decimal multiples.
Temperatures should be in degrees Celsius. Blood pressures should be in millimeters of mercury, unless other units are specifically required by the journal.

ICMJE also points authors to SAGER for sex and gender in design, analysis, results, and interpretation. A results table that collapses every participant into one column is often the first thing a medical reviewer sends back. The methodology guide is where you justify the sample; this page is where the table has to show the split.

How to Write the Callout

Name the display, name the contrast, stop before you reprint the grid. APA, MLA, and Chicago all require a callout. None of them want you to paste every cell into the paragraph that introduces the table.

Callout templates (swap in your real numbers)

Too thin:

See Table 1.

Results callout:

As shown in Table 1, [group A] had a higher mean [measure] than [group B], t([df]) = [value], p = [.xxx], d = [value].

Figure callout:

Figure 2 shows [the trend or relationship]. The association is [direction], r([df]) = [.xx], p = [.xxx].

ICMJE count-plus-percentage:

[n] of [N] participants ([xx]%) [did X].

The old version of this page used a fake N = 156 anxiety study to demonstrate the strong callout. That sample does not exist. Use the templates with numbers from your output, or cite a published table you can open.

Statistical Copy: APA 7 §§6.40–6.45

When the paper is in APA, the Numbers and Statistics Guide (last updated 11 September 2024; Publication Manual §§6.32–6.45) is the official short form. It is also the list most "APA results" blog posts get wrong — especially the leading-zero rule and exact p values. An earlier draft of this page dated that handout 22 February 2022; the current APA PDF is the 2024 revision.

APA Style, Numbers and Statistics Guide (2024)

Do not repeat statistics in both the text and a table or figure.
Report exact p values to two or three decimals (e.g., p = .006, p = .03).
However, report p values less than .001 as “p < .001.”
Put a zero before the decimal point when a number is less than 1 but the statistic can exceed 1.
Do not use a zero before a decimal when the statistic cannot be greater than 1 (proportion, correlation, level of statistical significance).

Reporting templates (replace the slots; these are not results)

Mean and SD:

Participants' mean score was M = [x.x], SD = [x.x].

t test:

t([df]) = [x.xx], p = [.xxx], d = [x.xx].

ANOVA:

F([dfbetween], [dfwithin]) = [x.xx], p = [.xxx], η2 = [.xx].

Correlation:

r([df]) = [.xx], p = [.xxx].

Regression:

β = [.xx], t = [x.xx], p = [.xxx].

  • Italicize Latin statistical symbols (t, F, p, r, M, SD, N, n). Do not italicize Greek letters.
  • Put a space around operators: p = .03, not p=.03.
  • ICMJE tells medical authors not to lean on P values alone; report an effect size and a confidence interval when you have them.
  • Write "the means were" in running text. Use M = only next to a number.

Permission, Adaptation, and Other People's Displays

A table you computed from your own data needs no source line. A table or figure you copy, redraw, or build from someone else's numbers does. ICMJE is explicit: permission is required even if you were an author of the original, unless the object is in the public domain. APA 7 puts the copyright or adaptation sentence in the general note. CMOS puts it in the source note. MLA can put a full citation in the caption and then skip the works-cited entry if that source appears nowhere else. The credit-line wording lives on how to cite a reproduced figure or table; this page is only the decision to reprint.

ICMJE, “Illustrations (Figures)”

Titles and detailed explanations belong in the legends—not on the illustrations themselves.
Letters, numbers, and symbols on figures should therefore be clear and consistent throughout, and large enough to remain legible when the figure is reduced for publication.
If a figure has been published previously, acknowledge the original source and submit written permission from the copyright holder to reproduce it. Permission is required irrespective of authorship or publisher except for documents in the public domain.

APA 7 adaptation note (template)

Adapted from [family name], [initials]. (Year). Title of work (p. xx). Publisher. Copyright Year by Copyright Holder.

Public-domain government tables (a Census or NCES grid, a NARA scan) still need a source line. They do not need a permission letter. A paywalled journal figure almost always does.

Failure Modes That Actually Cost Marks

Do

  • Call the object by number before it appears
  • Put an APA 7 figure title above the image
  • Use only the horizontal rules APA §7.8–7.21 allows
  • Report the count behind every percentage
  • Give exact p values unless p < .001
  • Write a source or adaptation note when the data are not yours
  • Use CONSORT 2025 or PRISMA 2020, not the retired diagram
  • Design for grayscale and a color-vision deficiency

Do not

  • Park an APA 6 caption under a seventh-edition figure
  • Print the same six cells as both a table and a chart
  • Start a bar chart above zero to dramatize a small gap
  • Invent a sample, a t value, or a dissertation title to fill the box
  • Call a chart a table, or a table a figure
  • Copy a journal figure without written permission
  • Paste a CONSORT 2010 or PRISMA 2009 template into a new paper
  • Leave 3-D effects, clip-art, or decorative shadows on a results graph

Chart junk and truncated axes

Unnecessary 3-D, ornamental gridlines, and exploded pie slices hide the numbers. They are not a style-manual feature; they are a reviewer's reason to send the figure back. A bar chart whose axis starts at 47 instead of 0 turns a one-point gap into a cliff. If a small range is the point, use a table, or say in the note that the axis is truncated and why.

Discipline defaults

  • Psychology and education: APA 7 tables, figures, and statistical copy. Psychology citation guide covers the references that sit under those displays.
  • Medicine and nursing: ICMJE plus the journal's instructions. Use CONSORT 2025, STROBE, or PRISMA 2020 figures when the design requires them. See medical citation guide.
  • History and literature: CMOS or MLA. A table of archival counts still needs a source note; a reproduction of a manuscript page is a figure, not a decoration. See history citation guide.
  • Business and economics: regression tables with several models are normal; do not also plot every coefficient unless the figure shows a relationship the table cannot.

Data-Presentation Checklist

Before you submit

  • Every table and figure is numbered in the order first cited
  • Every display is named in the text before it appears
  • APA 7: bold number and italic title above; Note. below as needed; no vertical rules
  • MLA 9: Table label and title above; Fig. or Ex. caption below
  • CMOS 18: table title above; figure caption usually below; source note if the data are not yours
  • No table reprints a figure, and no figure reprints a table
  • Percentages appear with the counts they came from
  • Exact p values, effect sizes, and units are present where the test produced them
  • A trial flow uses CONSORT 2025; a review flow uses PRISMA 2020
  • Copied or adapted displays have a source line and, if required, written permission
  • The figure remains readable in grayscale and when reduced
  • Alt text names the trend if the file will be read online (CMOS 18 §3.28)

Cite the source behind the display

A clean table still needs a correct reference for the instrument, dataset, or published figure you adapted. Format that record in the style your course or journal requires, then return to the paper-formatting rules for margins and headings. If the object itself is copied or redrawn, use the reproduced-figure guide for the credit line.

Citation generatorCite a reproduced figure or tableFormat academic papers

Data presentation FAQs

Should I put the same numbers in a table and a figure?
No. ICMJE says to use a graph as an alternative to a crowded table, not as a second copy of it. APA's 2024 statistics guide says the same: do not repeat a statistic in the text and a display. Pick the vehicle the reader needs to audit the claim.
Where does the title go on an APA 7 figure?
Above the image, on the line under the bold figure number, in italic title case. That is Publication Manual §§7.22–7.36 and the official figure-setup page. A caption under the image is APA 6 (and MLA/Chicago). Using the old stack in a seventh-edition paper is the most common formatting miss on this topic.
Do MLA figure captions go above or below?
Below. The MLA Style Center (28 June 2017) puts the label and caption under the illustration, with the same one-inch margins as the text. Tables are the other way around: "Table 1" and the title sit flush left on separate lines above the grid, and the source caption sits underneath.
Which CONSORT flow diagram should I use in 2026?
CONSORT 2025. Hopewell et al. (BMJ 2025;389:e081123) say the 2025 statement supersedes CONSORT 2010, which should no longer be used. Download the two-group diagram from the joint SPIRIT–CONSORT site. A systematic review uses PRISMA 2020, not PRISMA 2009. A trial protocol uses SPIRIT 2025, not a completed-trial CONSORT flow.
Can I write "p less than .05" instead of the exact p value?
Not in APA 7 if you have the exact value and it is at least .001. The official 2024 guide wants p = .006 or p = .03, and p less than .001 only when the value is smaller than that. Journals that still print asterisk tables are asking for a house style, not the default manual.
How many numbers can go in a sentence before I need a table?
About two or three. A mean and an SD, or a percentage with its count, belong in prose. Once you are comparing several groups on several measures, make a table. Once the point is the shape of a trend, make a figure.
Do I have to get permission to reprint a figure from a paper I wrote?
Usually yes if a publisher now owns the figure. ICMJE says permission is required "irrespective of authorship or publisher" unless the object is in the public domain. Ask the journal or the copyright holder; do not assume that being an author is enough. The credit-line templates are on the reproduced-figure guide.
Where do tables go in an APA student paper?
Embed each table after you first mention it, or put each table on its own page after the reference list. Those are the two official options on APA's table-setup page. Most instructors want the embedded option. Do not leave a table in the middle of a paragraph with no blank line above and below.
What is the difference between a table note in APA and in MLA?
APA uses a general Note., specific superscript letters, and optional probability asterisks, all under the grid. MLA also puts the source and notes under the table, but it tells you to use lowercase letters rather than numerals so those notes are not mistaken for footnotes to the prose. If you built the MLA table yourself, the Style Center says the reader should assume you are the author unless you say otherwise.
Is this the same as writing the methodology or formatting the paper?
No. Methodology is how you gathered and analyzed the data, and which CONSORT or PRISMA checklist applies. Paper format is margins, fonts, and heading levels. Reproduced figures is the credit line when the object is not yours. This page is the Results displays: which vehicle, which label stack, and which official sentence you must not contradict.