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How to Cite an Email in NLM (current)

Learn how to cite emails, letters, and personal communications in NLM format (current). This guide includes the reference list format, in-text citation examples, and key formatting rules.

NLM Reference List Format

Here is the standard NLM format for citing an email in your reference list:

Follow the standard NLM template for this source type.

Step-by-Step Guide

  1. Gather source information: Collect the author name, title, publication date, and URL or DOI for your email.
  2. Format the reference: Arrange the elements following the NLM (current) template shown above.
  3. Create the in-text citation: Add a parenthetical or narrative citation in your paper where you reference this source.
  4. Add to your reference list: Include the full formatted citation at the end of your paper.
  5. Double-check formatting: Verify italics, punctuation, capitalization, and hanging indents match NLM requirements.

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Cite an Email in Other Styles

Email in APAEmail in MLAEmail in ChicagoEmail in HarvardEmail in VancouverEmail in IEEEEmail in AMAEmail in TurabianEmail in CSEEmail in BibTeXEmail in NatureEmail in ACSEmail in OSCOLAEmail in BluebookEmail in AGLCEmail in ASAEmail in APSAEmail in AAAEmail in ACMEmail in APSEmail in AIPEmail in CellEmail in ScienceEmail in PLOSEmail in BMJEmail in LancetEmail in JAMAEmail in Elsevier HarvardEmail in Springer

Cite Other Sources in NLM

Website in NLMBook in NLMJournal Article in NLMYouTube Video in NLMPodcast in NLMNewspaper Article in NLMMagazine Article in NLMBlog Post in NLMWikipedia in NLMPDF in NLMInterview in NLMSocial Media Post in NLMGovernment Document in NLMDissertation or Thesis in NLMConference Paper in NLMLecture or PowerPoint in NLMWebinar in NLMImage or Photograph in NLMMovie or Film in NLMDocumentary in NLMTV Show in NLMSong or Music in NLMPoem in NLMCourt Case in NLMPatent in NLMEncyclopedia Entry in NLMDictionary Entry in NLMDataset in NLMSoftware or App in NLMVideo Game in NLMPress Release in NLMReport in NLMPreprint in NLMBook Chapter in NLMChatGPT in NLMBible in NLMTED Talk in NLMReddit or Forum Post in NLMMap in NLM

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