APA 7로 소셜 미디어 게시물을 인용하는 법

참고문헌, 실명이 있는 X 또는 Instagram 게시물:

Name, A. A. [@username]. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the post [Image attached] [Post]. Platform. https://xxxxx

참고문헌, Facebook 또는 LinkedIn 게시물(핸들 불필요):

Name, A. A. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the post [Image attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://xxxxx

참고문헌, 사용자명만:

screenname. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the post [Post]. Platform. https://xxxxx

참고문헌, 내용이 계속 바뀌는 X 또는 Instagram 프로필:

Name, A. A. [@username]. (n.d.). Posts [X profile]. X. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://xxxxx

참고문헌, TikTok 프로필(탭이 아니라 소개문):

Name, A. A. [@username]. (n.d.). First 20 words of the profile description [TikTok profile]. TikTok. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://xxxxx

괄호 인용:

(Name, 2020)

서술형 인용:

Name (2020)

복원할 수 없는 DM, Story, 삭제된 게시물:

(A. A. Name, personal communication, March 4, 2026)

After Twitter's name changed to X in 2023, the term "post" replaced "tweet." As in the example, references to posts that predate the change should use the new terms, since that's what readers will see when they follow the link to the source.

Provide the first 20 words of the post as the title, in italics. Count a URL, a hashtag, or an emoji as one word each, and include them in the reference if they fall within the first 20 words. Do not italicize emojis.

If the post includes an image, a video, a poll, or a thumbnail image with a link, indicate that in square brackets after the title: [Image attached], [Video attached], [Thumbnail with link attached].

Include the description “[Post]” in square brackets after the title.

Present the name of the individual or group author the same as you would for any other reference. Then provide the X handle (beginning with the @ sign) in square brackets, followed by a period.

The format used for X is also used for Instagram and TikTok.

Cite a temporary post (e.g., Facebook Story) or a livestream (e.g., Facebook Live) that is not archived by its hosting platform and cannot be retrieved by any other means (i.e., recorded and made available online via another hosting site) as a personal communication.

Works that cannot be recovered by readers are cited in the text as personal communications. Personal communications include emails, text messages, online chats or direct messages, personal interviews, telephone conversations, live speeches, unrecorded classroom lectures, memos, letters, messages from nonarchived discussion groups or online bulletin boards, and so on.

참고문헌, 개인 저자:

Gates, B. [@BillGates]. (2019, September 7). Today, it’s difficult for researchers to diagnose #Alzheimers patients early enough to intervene. A reliable, easy and accurate diagnostic would [Thumbnail with link attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/BillGates/status/1170305718425137152

괄호 인용:

(Gates, 2019)

서술형 인용:

Gates (2019)

참고문헌, 이미지가 있는 단체 저자:

CDC [@CDCgov]. (2020, June 11). Scientists do not know if having antibodies to the virus that causes #COVID19 can protect someone from getting infected again [Image attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/CDCgov/status/1271180413134876672

괄호 인용:

(CDC, 2020)

참고문헌, 동영상 첨부:

Prevention Institute [@preventioninst]. (2020, September 24). If you want to talk #health, you have to talk #racialjustice [Video attached] [Post]. X. https://x.com/preventioninst/status/1309211009039687680

For tweet replies, do not include the “replying to” information; if that is important to note, do so within the in-text citation.

참고문헌, Posts 탭:

APA Style [@APA_Style]. (n.d.). Posts [X profile]. X. Retrieved November 8, 2023, from https://x.com/APA_Style

참고문헌, Replies 탭:

Jordan, M. B. [@michaelb4jordan]. (n.d.). Replies [X profile]. X. Retrieved January 9, 2020, from https://x.com/michaelb4jordan/with_replies

괄호 인용:

(APA Style, n.d.)

X profiles begin on the “Posts” tab by default. If you want to cite one of the other tabs (“Replies,” “Highlights,” “Media,” or “Likes”), use the name of that tab rather than “Posts” in the title element of the reference.

참고문헌:

News From Science. (2019, June 21). Are you a fan of astronomy? Enjoy reading about what scientists have discovered in our solar system—and beyond? This [Image attached] [Status update]. Facebook. https://www.facebook.com/ScienceNOW/photos/a.117532185107/10156268057260108/?type=3&theater

괄호 인용:

(News From Science, 2019)

서술형 인용:

News From Science (2019)

Provide the first 20 words of the post as the title. Count a URL or other link, a hashtag, or an emoji as one word each, and include them in the reference if they fall within the first 20 words. Do not italicize emojis.

If a post includes images, videos, thumbnail links to outside sources, or content from another post (such as when sharing a link), indicate that in square brackets.

Describe the post type (e.g., “[Status update],” “[Video]”) in square brackets after any description of attached content.

Credit Facebook as the site name in the source element and then provide the URL of the post.

참고문헌:

Community of Multiculturalism. (n.d.). Home [Facebook page]. Facebook. Retrieved October 14, 2020, from https://www.facebook.com/communityofmulticulturalism/

괄호 인용:

(Community of Multiculturalism, n.d.)

Use the page title in the reference (e.g., “Home,” “About,” “Reviews”). Italicize the page title.

Include the notation “[Facebook page]” in square brackets.

Provide a retrieval date because the content is designed to change over time and is not archived.

참고문헌, 사진:

Philadelphia Museum of Art [@philamuseum]. (2019, December 3). “It’s always wonderful to walk in and see my work in a collection where it’s loved, and where people are” [Photograph]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/B5oDnnNhOt4/

괄호 인용:

(Philadelphia Museum of Art, 2019)

참고문헌, 동영상:

APA Public Interest Directorate [@apapubint]. (2019, June 14). Male depression is serious, but many men try to ignore it or refuse treatment. Different men have different symptoms, but [Video]. Instagram. https://www.instagram.com/p/BysOqenB1v7/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link

괄호 인용:

(APA Public Interest Directorate, 2019)

참고문헌, 프로필:

Swift, T. [@taylorswift]. (n.d.). Posts [Instagram profile]. Instagram. Retrieved January 9, 2020, from https://www.instagram.com/taylorswift

참고문헌, 하이라이트:

The New York Public Library [@nypl]. (n.d.). The raven [Highlight]. Instagram. Retrieved January 6, 2020, from https://www.instagram.com/stories/highlights/17962199170163462/

괄호 인용:

(Swift, n.d.)

참고문헌, 개인 저자(현행 Style Center):

Cook, P. [@chemteacherphil]. (2021, September 17). Fighting fire with fire. #sciencetok #learnontiktok [Video]. TikTok. https://www.tiktok.com/@chemteacherphil/video/7008953610872605957

괄호 인용:

(Cook, 2021)

서술형 인용:

Cook (2021)

참고문헌, 단체 저자:

Washington Post [@washingtonpost]. (2019, December 3). News is all around us #frozen #newsroom #newspaper [Video]. TikTok. https://vm.tiktok.com/x2sKUu

괄호 인용:

(Washington Post, 2019)

Unlike other social media profile pages, the TikTok page does not have a “Home” or other tabs. For the title in the reference, use the first 20 words of the description (in the example, “vsco mom”).

참고문헌:

Witherspoon, R. [@officialreesetiktok]. (n.d.). vsco mom [TikTok profile]. TikTok. Retrieved January 12, 2020, from https://vm.tiktok.com/xS3B86

괄호 인용:

(Witherspoon, n.d.)

참고문헌, 실명이 있는 게시물:

Little, J. [j450n_l]. (2018, December 12). I'm the first person in the world with a neural-enabled prosthetic hand. Using an specialized prosthetic and a device implanted [Online forum post]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/AMA/comments/a5jxbe/im_the_first_person_in_the_world_with_a/

괄호 인용:

(Little, 2018)

참고문헌, 댓글:

Gates, B. [thisisbillgates]. (2017, February 27). Philanthropy is small as a part of the overall economy so it can’t do things like fund health care or [Comment on the online forum post I’m Bill Gates, co-chair of the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Ask me anything.]. Reddit. https://www.reddit.com/r/IAmA/comments/5whpqs/im_bill_gates_cochair_of_the_bill_melinda_gates/dea82mk/

괄호 인용:

(Gates, 2017)

When the real name of the author is known, provide it first, in inverted format, followed by the screen name in brackets, as in the example.

When the real name of the author is not known, provide only the screen name without brackets.

Provide the title of the post in the title position, up to the first 20 words.

참고문헌, 공개 LinkedIn 게시물:

Name, A. A. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the post [Status update]. LinkedIn. https://www.linkedin.com/posts/xxxxx

참고문헌, LinkedIn 프로필:

Name, A. A. (n.d.). Home [LinkedIn profile]. LinkedIn. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://www.linkedin.com/in/xxxxx

참고문헌, 공개 Threads 또는 Bluesky 게시물:

Name, A. A. [@username]. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the post [Post]. Threads. https://xxxxx

참고문헌, Threads 또는 Bluesky 프로필:

Name, A. A. [@username]. (n.d.). Posts [Bluesky profile]. Bluesky. Retrieved March 4, 2026, from https://xxxxx

참고문헌, Community 게시물:

Name, A. A. (2020, March 4). First 20 words of the Community post [Post]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/post/xxxxx

Cite only original content from social media sites such as Twitter, Facebook, Reddit, Instagram, Tumblr, LinkedIn, and so forth. If you used social media to discover content (e.g., you found a link to a blog post on Pinterest or Twitter) and you want to cite the content, cite it directly.

If you are not able to create the emoji, provide the emoji's name in square brackets, for example, "It doesn't get better than this [clapping hands] This actress deserves a [trophy]".

괄호, 실명 저자:

(Gates, 2019)

서술형, 단체 저자:

News From Science (2019)는 같은 주에 그 천문학 업데이트를 게시했다.

프로필:

(APA Style, n.d.)

TikTok 프로필:

(Witherspoon, n.d.)

복원할 수 없는 Story 또는 DM:

(A. A. Name, personal communication, March 4, 2026)