Methodology
Also called: methods
The account of how a study was carried out, detailed enough that another researcher could repeat it.
The methods section states who or what was studied, how they were selected, what was measured, with which instruments, and how the data was analysed. Reproducibility is the standard it is written against: a reader should be able to run the study again from the description.
Strictly, methodology is the reasoning behind the choice of methods and “methods” are the procedures themselves. The two are used interchangeably in practice, though some supervisors care.
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See also
HypothesisA testable, falsifiable prediction about the relationship between variables, stated before the data is analysed.AbstractA short standalone summary of a paper — usually 150–300 words — covering purpose, method, results, and conclusion.Software citationCiting a program, package, or model as a source, including its version and — where the authors provide one — their preferred citation.