What does a Constraints reference list entry look like?

A journal article formatted in Constraints looks like this: 1. Rivera, M., & Chen, D. (2021). The mapping of meaning: A study of citation practice. Journal of Scholarly Communication, 12(3), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1000/jsc.2021.145

How can I generate a Constraints citation?

Use the free generator on this page: paste a DOI, URL (e.g. a news article), or BibTeX, or search for a book by title or author. Select Constraints as the citation style and click Generate to get a formatted reference you can copy into your paper or bibliography.

Constraints Citation Generator

Create accurate Constraints citations for books, articles, and websites in one click.

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Constraints citation examples

The same three sources formatted in Constraints — a numeric style: sources are numbered in the order they are first cited, and in-text citations use those numbers:

Journal article: 1. Rivera, M., & Chen, D. (2021). The mapping of meaning: A study of citation practice. Journal of Scholarly Communication, 12(3), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1000/jsc.2021.145
Book: 2. Okafor, A. (2019). The craft of research writing (2nd ed.). Cambridge: University Press.
Website: 3. Larsen, S. (2023, May 14). How peer review works. Open Science Digest. Retrieved January 10, 2024, from https://www.example.org/peer-review
In-text citation (for the journal article): [1]

About Constraints

Citation style for Constraints. From the Citation Style Language repository.

When to use Constraints: When submitting to or citing in publications that use the Constraints style. Common in: International.

Subject areas: psychology.

Formatting rules: Constraints follows the formatting of Springer Socpsych Brackets, the parent style it is based on.

How to use this Constraints generator

Paste a DOI, a URL to a news article or webpage, or raw BibTeX into the box above. You can also search for a book by title or author and cite it by ISBN. Choose "Constraints" in the style dropdown (it's pre-selected on this page), then click "Generate citation." Copy the result into your reference list or bibliography. You can edit the generated entry (e.g. fix a title or add a date) before copying.

Frequently asked questions about Constraints

What is Constraints?: Citation style for Constraints. From the Citation Style Language repository.
When should I use Constraints?: When submitting to or citing in publications that use the Constraints style.
What does an in-text citation look like in Constraints?: Constraints is a numeric style: sources are numbered in the order they are first cited, and in-text citations use those numbers. Citing our sample journal article in the text looks like: [1]
What does a Constraints reference list entry look like?: A journal article formatted in Constraints looks like this: 1. Rivera, M., & Chen, D. (2021). The mapping of meaning: A study of citation practice. Journal of Scholarly Communication, 12(3), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1000/jsc.2021.145
How can I generate a Constraints citation?: Use the free generator on this page: paste a DOI, URL (e.g. a news article), or BibTeX, or search for a book by title or author. Select Constraints as the citation style and click Generate to get a formatted reference you can copy into your paper or bibliography.

CitationEasy supports many citation styles from around the world. Our generator uses Citation Style Language (CSL) styles from the official CSL repository.