Superscript & Subscript Generator
Convert text and numbers to Unicode superscript (x²) and subscript (H₂O) for math, chemistry, footnotes, and anywhere real formatting is not available. Type in either card and copy the live result.
Your result will appear here
Your result will appear here
Chemistry and math examples
- H2O → H₂O (subscript)
- CO2 → CO₂ (subscript)
- x2 → x² (superscript)
- E=mc2 → E=mc² (superscript)
- 10-3 → 10⁻³ (superscript)
Which characters are missing?
Unicode has no subscript b, c, d, f, g, q, w, y, or z, and no superscript q or capital C, F, Q, S, X, Y, Z — those characters pass through unchanged rather than being replaced with something wrong. All ten digits and the symbols + - = ( ) exist in both forms. Unicode super/subscript is also not real formatting: screen readers may read the characters as plain digits and letters, so use real formatting in formal documents where it is available.
Frequently Asked Questions
- How does the superscript generator work?
- It swaps each character for its Unicode superscript or subscript equivalent where one exists. All ten digits, plus symbols like +, -, =, and parentheses, have both forms; characters without an equivalent pass through unchanged.
- Why are some subscript letters missing?
- Unicode only defines subscript forms for a limited set of letters (a, e, h, i, j, k, l, m, n, o, p, r, s, t, u, v, x). There is no subscript b, c, d, f, g, q, w, y, or z, so those letters stay unchanged — this is a Unicode limitation, not a bug.
- Can I write chemical formulas like H2O with this tool?
- Yes. Type the formula into the subscript card and the digits are converted, so H2O becomes H₂O and CO2 becomes CO₂. All ten subscript digits are fully supported.
- Can I write exponents like x2 or E=mc2?
- Yes. Use the superscript card: x2 becomes x² and E=mc2 becomes E=mc². Digits, plus, minus, equals, and parentheses all have superscript forms, so simple exponents and footnote markers work well.
- Is Unicode superscript accessible to screen readers?
- Not reliably. Many screen readers read superscript and subscript characters as normal digits and letters, losing the meaning of the notation. For formal documents, use real superscript and subscript formatting instead.