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APSA In-Text Citations

Master APSA (current) in-text citations with this complete guide. Learn the correct format for every scenario, including single and multiple authors, direct quotes, and sources with missing information.

In-Text Citation Rules

Below are the APSA in-text citation rules for every common scenario you will encounter when writing your paper.

Single Author

(Smith 2024)

Two Authors

(Smith and Jones 2024)

Three or More Authors

(Smith et al. 2024) for 3+ authors

Direct Quote

(Smith 2024, 15) — use a comma before the page number

No Author

("Article Title" 2024)

No Date

(Smith n.d.)

Quick Examples

Here are real-world APSA in-text citation examples for different source types:

Book(Smith 2024)
Journal Article(Lee and Park 2024, 50)
Website(World Health Organization 2024)
Government Document(United States Congress 2024)
Book Chapter(Jones 2024, 60)

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Frequently Asked Questions

How do I format an APSA in-text citation?
For a single author in APSA, use the format (Smith 2024). For two authors, use (Smith and Jones 2024). For three or more authors, use (Smith et al. 2024) for 3+ authors.
How do I cite a direct quote in APSA?
For direct quotes in APSA (current), use the format: (Smith 2024, 15) — use a comma before the page number.
What if there is no author or no date in APSA?
When there is no author in APSA, use: ("Article Title" 2024). When there is no date, use: (Smith n.d.).

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